帮帮忙，急需一些定语从句的知识
急需一些定语从句的知识（详细，具体一点），谢谢！！
1,在介词后只有which,不用that，如I like the house around which there are plenty of trees;
2,既代人又代物的，用that,不用which;
3,被修饰词前有every,only,any,some,almost,nearly等词时，只用that.
定语从句的关系词有很多，而且用法也很复杂，下面将几个关系词的"使用权限"进行归纳以使同学们掌握学习。 一、只能用that,不能用which, who 的几种情况: 1.先行词是人和物 The person and his dog that were killed in the accident were buried. The man and his school that you told me are very interesting. 2.先行词是不定代词anything, something, everything, nothing, all, the one 等 Has everything that can be done been done? All that you told me was difficult to understand. 3.先行词被最高级修饰 It is the longest film that I have seen in my life. 4.先行词被序数词修饰 It's the first time that I've been to Beijing. The first stamp that was invented appeared in England. 5.先行词被just ,very, only等强调词语所修饰 It's the very house that I want to buy. Only the vegetables that haven't been polluted are safe to eat. 二、只能用which, who,不能用that的两种情况: 1.非限制性定语从句 The Changjiang River, which is the third longest river in the world, lies in China. Do you know Tom, who used to be the headmaster of this school? 2.整句话当先行词 It rained a lot, which made a flood happen. He tore my photo, which made me angry. 三、只能用as,不能用which,that, who的两种情况: 1. 先行词被such, the same 修饰 I've never heard of such a terrible earthquake as you told me. 对比:It's such a terrible earthquake that many people were killed. 分析:定语从句的动词和先行词有动宾关系,如上面第一句应用as;结果状语从句应用such...that句型,表示"如此……以至于",如上面第二句。 2. 整句话当先行词,且从句有"正如……所知道/预料的一样"之意 Taiwan belongs to China, as we know. As everybody can see, we have a good harvest in fruit this year, so the fruit will be cheap. as与which以整句话当先行词的区别:1.which引导的句子有"这就使……"造成某些客观后果的意思,而as 引导的句子都含有主观认识的动词:如know, see, expect 之类.2. as 引导的定语从句可放在句首,这是唯一能放在先行词前的定语从句.当然,它也可放在先行词后.而which 却只能放在先行词后,不能放在句首. 四、that, which,who等关系代词在作定语从句中的宾语时可省略。如: This is the house (that/ which) my grandparents built twenty years ago. The person (who/ whom/ that) you just spoke to is our headmaster. 五、只能用when, where,不能用that, which的情况: 关系代词在从句中作状语.例如作live, work, study等不及物动词的状语. 试比较:I'll never forget the days that we spent together. I'll never forget the days when we studied together. He enjoyed the place that/ which he visited a week ago in Wuhan. He enjoyed the place where he stayed a week ago in Wuhan.
1,在介词后只有which,不用that，如I like the house around which there are plenty of trees;
2,既代人又代物的，用that,不用which;
3,被修饰词前有every,only,any,some,almost,nearly等词时，只用that.English Grammar:定语从句
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www.iselong.com 信息源:万千英语族
用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。
一．词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词
句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句
代替人代替物代替人或物
主语 Who which that
主语 Whomwhich that
宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)
例１：This is the detective who came from London.
例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
例３：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
例４：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.
２．关系代词的用法
(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：
All the people that are present burst into tears.
(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如：
(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：
There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.
(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：
He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.
(5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
(6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。
(7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。
(8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如：
The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.
(9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：
Is there anyone here who will go with you?
３．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
(1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。
(2) from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：
We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town..
(3) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：
This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
二．关系副词引导的定语从句
1．关系副词也可以引导定语从句
关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。
2. that可引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因
That有时可以代替关系副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因，在 that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。
三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1．二者差异比较
限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词．关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。
2．关系代词和关系副词的选择依据
(1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语．宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。
3.先行词与定语从句隔离
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：
1) This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about..
2) He was the only person in this country who was invited
四．As在定语从句中的用法
1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
（１）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。
（２）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如：
The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.
（３）the same… that与 the same …as在意思上是不同的。
2．As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置
as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面．中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：
(1) As is expected, the England team won the football match.
(2) The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.
