[图文]运-5
Y-5 cargo-transport plane, the first cargo plane produced by P.R.China. The prototype is An-2, a biplane designed in 1940s` in USSR. Y-5 is produced by Nanchang Airplane Company. Though the old style Y-5 has been deployed for more than 40 years, it`s still a very common cargo plane in China because it flys quite stable and the operating cost is very cheap. Another advantage of Y-5 is that it can fly very slowly and the takeoff distance is just 170m.
运-5 运输机是我国第一种自行制造的运输机，由南昌飞机制造公司负责，其原型为苏联40年代设计的安-2运输机。尽管运-5服役已有40年之久，但它飞行稳定、运行费用低廉，至今仍是中国最常见的运输机。运-5的另一个优点就是它可以以非常低的速度稳定飞行，且起飞距离仅仅为170米。
Y-5 first flied in Dec 1957, then permitted to be produced following the guidence of the specialists and blueprints from USSR. In 1958, the 320 Airplane manufactory took the batch production mission and finished 90 Y-5s at the end of that year. There were 728 Y-5s produced in the after 10 years before the product line in 302 closed, 78 of which were aid foreign. May 1970, the Redstar manufactory continued the producing. During the ten years in 320, Y-5 got some variations according to the requirement of the China Airline, Airforce and Navy. In 1958, following the USSR guidence, a variation was designed for agro purpose. The temperature problem of the cockpit was solved so that Y-5 could be widly used in South China at this time. This type of Y-5 was renamed Y-5B and the output is up to 229. In the same year two type of five seat aerobuses were designed for Airforce and both turned to be produced. Later in 1959 with the new code "Y-5A", a 11 seat aerobus was carried out for China Airline. The output is 114. 320 manufatory also designed Y-5D for Airforce bombing training purpose in 1958 and totally produced 116 Y-5D since Jun 1962 after amelioration. In early 1960s` some special Y-5s were produced, such as a 7 seat Y-5 as a gift to Chairman Hu of Vietnam. Another two similar planes were built for Nepal`s king in Nov 1961. A manmade rainfall Y-5 was refitted in 1960. A floatplane was built for Navy in 1964 using the USSR`s Aluminium alloy buoy design and finalized as Y-5C. In 1965 the buoy changed into 320`s own design and 6 of these type built for Navy. There`s a variation for air photography but never produced formally.
运-5原型机1957年12月定型并首飞，1957年12月23日获批准在苏联专家和图纸的指导下成批生产。1958年由320厂成批生产，当年即生产了90架，共生产了728架，其中78架援外，连续生产达10年之久。1970年5月，运-5转到石家庄红星机械厂继续生产。320厂成批生产10年中，根据民航、空军、海军提出的不同要求，相继研制了多种改进改型机。1958年，根据苏联资料仿制农业机，同年试制投入批生产。生产中解决了夏天座舱温度过高问题，基本满足了我国南方使用要求，在大江南北广大农材和林区受到普遍欢迎，后被命名为 运-5乙 ，共生产交付229架。1958年改装设计了5座旅客机，同年试制成功，大部用于空军。后按民航要求将旅客机改为11座。第二年试制成功。1959年两种旅客机进行鉴定，投入成批生产。以后命名为 运-5甲 。共生产交付114架，供民航地方航线使用。1958年空军为训练领航、轰炸人员，提出改装领航轰炸教练机的战术技术要求。320厂据以进行改装设计，同年改装4架交付使用。后根据使用单位意见三次进行改装设计，1962年试制成功，6月份鉴定投入批生产，命名为 运-5丁 ，共生产交付116架。1960年8月改装设计了可乘坐7人的专机一架，准备作为国礼赠给越南胡志明主席，当月完成改装工作。1960年，根据民航要求改装设计人工降雨机1架，曾在南昌青云谱地区进行试验。1961年11月起，改装设计赠尼泊尔国王专机一架和大臣用7座专机2架，试制完成后经验收，分别于1962年5月和1963年4月运往国外。1964年，根据海军要求利用苏联铝合金结构浮筒改装水上飞机两架，同年在青岛试飞成功。1966年又改装3架，被命名为 运-5丙 。320厂从1965年起自行设计玻璃钢浮筒，1967年8月完成研制装机试飞，鉴定合格后生产交付6架供海军使用。1965年，还改装设计了摄影专用机，但未投产。
运-5使用的国产化活塞-5发动机，于科普展览上展出。
