词汇精解5
a
almost,nearly
1.在肯定句中表示“几乎”的意思时,almost和nearly所指的差距中很难划出一条衡量
标准,所以通常可以互换。如:
He is almost (nearly) as tall as I.
他几乎和我一样高。
Dinner is almost (nearly) ready.
快开饭了。
He slipped and almost (nearly) fell.
他险些滑了一跤。
2.nearly 可被not修饰,意思是“远没有”、“远不及”,almost却不可。如以下两句中的
nearly 不能换成 almost:
This book is not nearly interesting as that one,
这本书远不及那本有趣。
That sum of money is not nearly enough for my journey.
那笔钱远不够我做路费。
3.almost可与表示否定意义的词 no, none, nothing, never 等连用,表示“几乎没有”的意
思,nearly 却不可。如以下两句中的almost不能换成 nearly:
Almost no one believed her.
几乎无人相信她。
He said almost nothing worth listening to.
他说的话几乎不值一听。
alone
adj.&adv. 单独,只有
Are you alone in the garden?
只有你一个人在花园里吗?
I can do the job alone.
我可以一个人做这份工作。
let alone 更别提
He can''t read, let alone write.
他不会读,更别提写字了。
He doesn''t like to swim in summer, let alone in winter.
他不喜欢在夏天游泳,更别提在冬天了。
(注意)1.alone 在句中位置的不同,会改变句中的意思。如:I can do the job alone.
(我一个人能做这件事。)I alone can do the job.(只有我能做这件。)
2.alone也可改用all alone, 这样语气更强。
3.alone作形容词时,只能作表语,不能作定语,如不能说 an alone child。
4.alone和lonely(adj.孤独的,寂寞的)不同,后者是表示情绪的词。如:He
is often alone, but he doesn''t feel lonely.
along
prep.沿着
Walk along this road, and you''ll see the post office.
沿着这条路,你就会看见邮局。
The girls took a walk along the river.
这些女孩沿着河走。
adv.向前
Move alone, please.
请向前走。
(注意)1.along 作“沿着”解,有时和by 或beside 是同义词,如:along the river,也
可说 beside the river,或 by the river。
2.along with(和……一起)和 together with 是同义词。
3.get along with(相处,进行)与 get on with 是同义词。如:He gets along
quite well with his classmates.他与同学们相处地很好。
aloud
adv.高声地,出声地
He called aloud for help.
他高呼救命。
(注意)aloud 和 loudly(adv.高声地)是同义词,如:cry aloud = cry loudly, 但 read
aloud 是“朗读”,read loudly 是“大声地读”。
already
adv.已经
I have already finished my homework.
我已经做完我的作业了。
(注意)1.already 不可与 all ready(都准备好了)混淆。
2.already 和 yet(adv.)不同,yet 只能用于否定句和疑问句中,already 主要用于
肯定句,如用于疑问句,常表示“惊奇”,“意外”的含义。如:Has he come
back to Shanghai already? 他也回上海了吗?
also
adv.也,同样
He also works in that factory.
他也在那家工厂工作。
I can also tell you a story.
我也可以告诉你一个故事。
(注意)1.also 与 too(adv.也)同义,但在句中的位置不同。如:She also received an
invitation. She received an invitation too. She, too, received an
invitation.
2.also 不用于否定式。
although
conj.虽然
Although slavery was done away with, the blacks were still separated from the whites in the United states until the 1960s.
尽管奴隶制已经取消了,但直到1960年前在美国黑人仍然和白人隔离开。
(注意)1.although连接的让步状语从句,后面主句中不能再用连接词but。
2.although和though 同义,基本上可互换使用,但习惯上句首多用although。另
外,在短语even though(即使)和as though(仿佛,似乎)中不能换用 although。
always
conj.总是,一直
Bill is always ready to help us.
比尔总是乐于帮助我们。
I always arrive at the school in time.
我总是准时到达学校。
(注意)1.always 是频度副词,常出现于谓语动词为一般现在时的句中。
2.always 和其它频度副词的位置应在动词be 或谓语的第一词之后,如行为动词是
一个词,则放在动词之前。如:He always gets up early.(他总是起得很早。)
You are always making trouble.(你总是惹麻烦。)He has always been
helpful to us.(他对我们总是很帮忙。)