订阅据ju国guo外wai媒mei体ti报bao道dao，近jin日ri在zai克ke罗luo地di亚ya一yi处chu洞dong穴xue内nei发fa现xian了le一yi种zhong奇qi怪guai的de昆kun虫chong，可ke能neng颠dian覆fu人ren们men对dui于yu地di下xia飞fei行xing动dong物wu的de认ren知zhi。一yi直zhi以yi来lai，蝙bian蝠fu被bei认ren为wei是shi唯wei一yi一yi种zhong能neng在zai完wan全quan黑hei暗an的de环huan境jing中zhong飞fei行xing的de动dong物wu，而er现xian在zai，研yan究jiu人ren员yuan发fa现xian了le一yi种zhong结jie合he了le所suo有you盲mang飞fei特te征zheng的de昆kun虫chong，这zhe表biao明ming该gai物wu种zhong很hen有you可ke能neng是shi世shi界jie上shang首shou个ge穴xue居ju飞fei行xing动dong物wu。这zhe个ge昆kun虫chong在zai克ke罗luo地di亚yaLukina jama–Trojama洞dong穴xue体ti系xi中zhong约yue地di下xia1000米mi处chu被bei发fa现xian，Lukina jama是shi世shi界jie上shang第di14深shen洞dong穴xue。
研yan究jiu人ren员yuan认ren为wei，苍cang白bai的de躯qu体ti颜yan色se，退tui化hua的de眼yan睛jing，以yi及ji长chang长chang的de腿tui部bu等deng特te征zheng都dou表biao明ming它ta们men是shi“典dian型xing的de洞dong穴xue动dong物wu”。而er真zhen正zheng令ling这zhe个ge名ming为weiT. Hajdi的de昆kun虫chong与yu众zhong不bu同tong的de是shi它ta们men宽kuan大da的de翅chi膀pang。近jin日ri，发fa表biao于yu《Plos One》杂duo志zhi上shang的de一yi篇pian文wen章zhang指zhi出chu，研yan究jiu人ren员yuan认ren为wei此ci次ci发fa现xian挑tiao战zhan了le人ren们men长chang久jiu以yi来lai的de认ren知zhi，即ji蝙bian蝠fu是shi唯wei一yi一yi种zhong能neng在zai完wan全quan黑hei暗an的de环huan境jing中zhong飞fei行xing的de动dong物wu。穴xue居ju动dong物wu一yi般ban分fen为wei三san类lei：半ban洞dong穴xue动dong物wu、真zhen洞dong穴xue动dong物wu、洞dong栖xi动dong物wu。
其qi中zhong，洞dong栖xi动dong物wu只zhi会hui偶ou尔er在zai洞dong穴xue里li被bei发fa现xian，它ta们men把ba洞dong穴xue当dang做zuo避bi难nan所suo，而er且qie活huo动dong在zai较jiao明ming亮liang的de地di方fang，而er另ling外wai两liang种zhong动dong物wu则ze更geng适shi应ying地di下xia生sheng活huo。在zai世shi界jie上shang已yi知zhi的de21,000种zhong穴xue居ju动dong物wu中zhong，目mu前qian还huan没mei有you发fa现xian飞fei行xing的de真zhen洞dong穴xue动dong物wu，真zhen洞dong穴xue动dong物wu一yi生sheng都dou生sheng活huo在zai洞dong穴xue中zhong，而er像xiang蝙bian蝠fu那na样yang的de半ban洞dong穴xue动dong物wu在zai外wai界jie环huan境jing中zhong也ye能neng生sheng存cun。文wen章zhang作zuo者zhe表biao示shi，它ta们men高gao度du退tui化hua的de眼yan睛jing及ji宽kuan大da的de翅chi膀pang在zai所suo有you穴xue居ju生sheng物wu中zhong显xian得de十shi分fen特te别bie，也ye许xu这zhe正zheng表biao明ming该gai物wu种zhong能neng够gou在zai洞dong穴xue完wan全quan黑hei暗an的de环huan境jing中zhong缓huan慢man飞fei行xing或huo低di空kong盘pan旋xuan。在zai飞fei行xing时shi，细xi长chang的de前qian脚jiao向xiang前qian伸shen展zhan，起qi到dao“探tan路lu”的de作zuo用yong，同tong时shi巨ju大da的de平ping衡heng棒bang能neng使shi它ta们men在zai飞fei行xing中zhong保bao持chi平ping衡heng。
大da多duo数shu情qing况kuang下xia，穴xue居ju昆kun虫chong要yao么me几ji乎hu没mei有you翅chi膀pang，要yao么me仅jin有you高gao度du退tui化hua的de翅chi膀pang。研yan究jiu人ren员yuan用yong粘nian板ban捕bu捉zhuo了le一yi些xie昆kun虫chong，发fa现xian有you一yi些xie昆kun虫chong在zai粘nian条tiao中zhong间jian，这zhe表biao明ming“它ta们men至zhi少shao会hui偶ou尔er飞fei行xing”。这zhe类lei昆kun虫chong不bu属shu于yu上shang述shu三san种zhong分fen类lei中zhong的de任ren何he一yi种zhong，研yan究jiu人ren员yuan认ren为weiT. Hajdi属shu于yu单dan性xing繁fan殖zhi动dong物wu。单dan性xing繁fan殖zhi的de动dong物wu通tong常chang生sheng活huo在zai恶e劣lie的de环huan境jing中zhong，因yin为wei在zai这zhe样yang的de环huan境jing中zhong交jiao配pei十shi分fen困kun难nan。而er在zai本ben次ci考kao察cha中zhong，研yan究jiu人ren员yuan只zhi发fa现xian了le雌ci性xing昆kun虫chong。
由you于yuT. Hajdi是shi在zai高gao度du隔ge绝jue的de洞dong穴xue深shen处chu被bei发fa现xian的de，研yan究jiu人ren员yuan认ren为wei它ta们men几ji乎hu不bu可ke能neng与yu外wai界jie的de生sheng物wu有you所suo交jiao流liu。尽jin管guan该gai生sheng物wu的de更geng多duo特te性xing还huan有you待dai观guan察cha，此ci次ci发fa现xian至zhi少shao支zhi持chi了le一yi个ge理li论lun，即ji洞dong穴xue是shi“极ji端duan地di下xia生sheng物wu多duo样yang性xing”的de聚ju集ji地di。
【原文】
