订阅本文为【最新基因研究揭晓了长颈鹿独特身体形成之谜】的汉字拼音对照版显示拼音
腾teng讯xun科ke学xue讯xun 据ju英ying国guo每mei日ri邮you报bao报bao道dao，目mu前qian，科ke学xue家jia最zui新xin基ji因yin研yan究jiu揭jie晓xiao了le长chang颈jing鹿lu独du特te身shen体ti结jie构gou的de形xing成cheng之zhi谜mi，证zheng实shi其qi修xiu长chang的de身shen体ti与yu“涡wo轮lun增zeng压ya心xin脏zang”密mi切qie相xiang关guan。长chang颈jing鹿lu的de长chang脖bo颈jing进jin化hua形xing成cheng于yu2000多duo万wan年nian前qian，科ke学xue家jia首shou次ci绘hui制zhi了le长chang颈jing鹿lu的de完wan整zheng基ji因yin，发fa现xian一yi些xie基ji因yin促cu使shi它ta们men具ju备bei这zhe种zhong特te殊shu身shen体ti结jie构gou。研yan究jiu人ren员yuan希xi望wang识shi别bie与yu长chang颈jing鹿lu独du特te身shen体ti相xiang关guan的de基ji因yin变bian化hua，例li如ru：为wei什shen么me长chang颈jing鹿lu短duan跑pao速su度du可ke达da到dao60公gong里li每mei小xiao时shi。
研yan究jiu结jie果guo表biao明ming，长chang颈jing鹿lu的de长chang脖bo颈jing形xing成cheng与yu“涡wo轮lun增zeng压ya心xin脏zang”有you关guan，它ta们men的de心xin脏zang可ke加jia压ya血xue液ye穿chuan过guo2米mi长chang的de脖bo颈jing抵di达da头tou部bu。长chang颈jing鹿lu独du特te身shen体ti结jie构gou与yu过guo去qu数shu千qian万wan年nian形xing成cheng的de几ji十shi种zhong基ji因yin突tu变bian密mi切qie相xiang关guan。研yan究jiu报bao告gao第di一yi作zuo者zhe、宾bin夕xi法fa尼ni亚ya大da学xue道dao格ge拉la斯si-加jia温wen尔er(Douglas Cavener)教jiao授shou说shuo：“一yi些xie调tiao控kong基ji因yin与yu长chang颈jing鹿lu独du特te身shen高gao和he增zeng压ya心xin血xue管guan系xi统tong的de形xing成cheng有you关guan。”
同tong时shi，研yan究jiu人ren员yuan对dui长chang颈jing鹿lu近jin亲qin物wu种zhong霍huo加jia狓pi进jin行xing了le基ji因yin序xu列lie研yan究jiu，从cong而er对dui比bi揭jie晓xiao了le长chang颈jing鹿lu的de基ji因yin变bian化hua。长chang颈jing鹿lu拥yong有you较jiao长chang的de脖bo颈jing和he腿tui部bu，身shen高gao可ke达da到dao6米mi，进jin化hua历li程cheng中zhong需xu要yao一yi定ding的de基ji因yin变bian化hua来lai维wei持chi它ta们men高gao速su短duan跑pao，以yi及ji强qiang大da的de心xin血xue管guan功gong能neng。例li如ru：它ta的de心xin脏zang必bi须xu非fei常chang强qiang大da，加jia压ya血xue液ye穿chuan过guo2米mi长chang的de脖bo颈jing抵di达da头tou部bu，为wei头tou部bu提ti供gong充chong足zu的de血xue液ye供gong给gei。
很hen可ke能neng长chang颈jing鹿lu心xin脏zang进jin化hua形xing成cheng一yi个ge非fei常chang大da的de左zuo心xin室shi，血xue压ya是shi其qi它ta哺bu乳ru动dong物wu的de两liang倍bei。加jia温wen尔er教jiao授shou说shuo：“霍huo加jia狓pi的de基ji因yin序xu列lie非fei常chang类lei似si于yu长chang颈jing鹿lu，这zhe是shi因yin为wei它ta与yu长chang颈jing鹿lu是shi大da约yue1200万wan年nian前qian由you同tong一yi祖zu先xian物wu种zhong进jin化hua而er来lai。尽jin管guan它ta们men两liang者zhe是shi近jin亲qin物wu种zhong，但dan是shi霍huo加jia狓pi更geng像xiang是shi斑ban马ma，没mei有you长chang颈jing鹿lu那na样yang修xiu长chang的de身shen体ti和he强qiang大da的de心xin血xue管guan系xi统tong。基ji于yu这zhe两liang个ge特te征zheng，霍huo加jia狓pi的de基ji因yin序xu列lie可ke用yong于yu识shi别bie长chang颈jing鹿lu独du特te的de基ji因yin变bian化hua。”
长chang颈jing鹿lu较jiao长chang脖bo颈jing和he腿tui部bu的de部bu分fen骨gu骼ge与yu人ren类lei和he其qi它ta哺bu乳ru动dong物wu相xiang似si，此ci外wai，长chang颈jing鹿lu有you特te殊shu的de饮yin食shi习xi惯guan，喜xi欢huan吃chi金jin合he欢huan树shu叶ye和he种zhong荚jia，它ta们men具ju有you较jiao高gao的de营ying养yang，但dan对dui于yu其qi它ta哺bu乳ru动dong物wu是shi有you毒du性xing的de。研yan究jiu人ren员yuan指zhi出chu，长chang颈jing鹿lu进jin化hua形xing成cheng一yi种zhong新xin陈chen代dai谢xie金jin合he欢huan树shu叶ye的de基ji因yin，从cong而er规gui避bi了le它ta的de毒du性xing。下xia一yi步bu将jiang通tong过guo实shi验yan方fang法fa识shi别bie其qi它ta“候hou选xuan基ji因yin”。（悠you悠you/编bian译yi）【原文】
