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今jin天tian由you台tai湾wan一yi个ge专zhuan业ye的de字zi体ti机ji构gou@justfont 给gei同tong学xue们men介jie绍shao字zi体ti的de性xing格ge,全quan文wen风feng趣qu幽you默mo,而er且qie用yong的de例li子zi都dou是shi街jie头tou小xiao巷xiang随sui处chu可ke见jian的de字zi体ti,对dui字zi体ti感gan兴xing趣qu的de同tong学xue可ke以yi当dang做zuo入ru门men科ke普pu文wen阅yue读du。
有you次ci在zai路lu上shang跟gen一yi个ge阿a姨yi聊liao天tian,聊liao到dao了le我wo的de工gong作zuo。我wo说shuo,我wo是shi在zai网wang络luo上shang跟gen人ren家jia介jie绍shao「字zi型xing」的de。她ta说shuo,噢ao,你ni是shi介jie绍shao「自zi行xing车che」的de啊a?我wo说shuo,是shi字zi的de那na个ge字zi型xing。
「计ji算suan机ji里li面mianWord有you的de那na个ge字zi型xing吗ma?」「对dui,招zhao牌pai上shang的de那na个ge字zi型xing。」
要yao如ru何he把ba「字zi型xing」讲jiang到dao让rang人ren了le解jie是shi我wo工gong作zuo的de核gai心xin。「字zi型xing」充chong斥chi我wo们men生sheng活huo周zhou遭zao,尤you其qi是shi招zhao牌pai、路lu牌pai、各ge色se指zhi标biao,都dou会hui用yong到dao它ta。这zhe些xie贴tie近jin生sheng活huo的de字zi体ti形xing形xing色se色se,用yong途tu各ge异yi。探tan究jiu它ta们men,就jiu是shi学xue字zi型xing最zui好hao的de一yi种zhong入ru门men方fang式shi。
但dan是shi这zhe种zhong高gao度du可ke视shi化hua、不bu太tai好hao讲jiang述shu的de东dong西xi,要yao如ru何he使shi人ren理li解jie呢ne?尤you其qi是shi中zhong文wen字zi体ti,因yin为wei长chang时shi间jian缺que乏fa一yi贯guan的de、系xi统tong性xing的de整zheng理li,所suo以yi又you更geng难nan入ru门men了le,即ji便bian这zhe是shi我wo们men从cong小xiao就jiu接jie触chu的de一yi件jian事shi情qing。
试shi举ju一yi段duan描miao述shu中zhong文wen字zi体ti的de说shuo辞ci:
这zhe个ge字zi体ti特te别bie之zhi处chu在zai于yu中zhong宫gong紧jin收shou,重chong心xin较jiao高gao、整zheng体ti造zao型xing瘦shou长chang有you腰yao身shen,一yi如ru传chuan统tong的de汉han字zi美mei感gan。笔bi画hua具ju有you楷kai书shu的de气qi韵yun,切qie角jiao的de特te殊shu调tiao整zheng也ye让rang它ta看kan起qi来lai很hen有you精jing神shen。
但dan是shi这zhe些xie专zhuan有you名ming词ci到dao底di是shi什shen么me意yi思si?一yi个ge字zi怎zen么me也ye会hui有you腰yao身shen呢ne?黑hei体ti怎zen么me也ye有you楷kai书shu气qi韵yun呢ne?有you精jing神shen的de字zi又you是shi什shen么me样yang子zi呢ne?未wei免mian也ye太tai专zhuan业ye了le吧ba?
纯chun粹cui博bo君jun一yi笑xiao。
这zhe些xie专zhuan有you名ming词ci是shi中zhong文wen字zi非fei常chang重chong要yao的de几ji个ge概gai念nian,与yu「骨gu架jia」特te别bie相xiang关guan。而er我wo们men可ke以yi据ju此ci判pan断duan一yi个ge字zi体ti的de个ge性xing如ru何he。这zhe些xie概gai念nian并bing非fei如ru此ci难nan解jie,且qie有you许xu多duo生sheng活huo化hua的de范fan例li。
接jie下xia来lai下xia试shi以yi字zi体ti散san步bu中zhong发fa现xian的de一yi些xie招zhao牌pai、书shu封feng为wei例li简jian单dan介jie绍shao:
课ke题ti一yi:形xing状zhuang
所suo谓wei形xing状zhuang就jiu是shi根gen据ju一yi个ge字zi给gei你ni的de「完wan形xing」印yin象xiang来lai看kan——是shi宽kuan扁bian的de、方fang正zheng的de或huo是shi瘦shou长chang的de? 因yin为wei汉han字zi大da多duo是shi在zai框kuang框kuang内nei造zao的de。怎zen么me定ding义yi框kuang的de形xing状zhuang,字zi就jiu怎zen么me生sheng长chang,也ye自zi然ran会hui保bao留liu框kuang所suo定ding义yi的de外wai形xing。
例li如ru这zhe个ge在zai大da龙long峒tong的de诊zhen所suo招zhao牌pai下xia的de字zi体ti,就jiu带dai有you宽kuan扁bian的de印yin象xiang。
相xiang较jiao于yu主zhu标biao题ti的de楷kai体ti,下xia面mian的de字zi体ti在zai完wan形xing上shang是shi宽kuan扁bian的de长chang方fang形xing。
而er这zhe个ge早zao餐can店dian招zhao牌pai,则ze有you瘦shou长chang的de印yin象xiang。
直zhi立li的de长chang方fang形xing字zi体ti:
就jiu跟gen人ren有you高gao矮ai胖pang瘦shou一yi样yang,字zi体ti的de完wan形xing印yin象xiang也ye影ying响xiang我wo们men对dui文wen字zi「身shen材cai」的de感gan觉jiao。
课ke题ti二er:音yin量liang
同tong样yang粗cu度du的de小xiao冢zhong黑hei体ti hyper bold 与yu Hiragino 黑hei体ti W8,哪na一yi个ge的de视shi觉jiao冲chong击ji力li道dao比bi较jiao大da呢ne?这zhe就jiu是shi「音yin量liang」的de概gai念nian。
同tong样yang粗cu细xi,但dan冲chong击ji的de力li道dao不bu同tong,一yi部bu份fen是shi线xian条tiao造zao型xing所suo致zhi,另ling一yi部bu份fen是shi因yin为wei黑hei白bai空kong间jian分fen布bu比bi例li不bu同tong的de关guan系xi。
「音yin量liang」是shi一yi种zhong比bi喻yu。一yi个ge字zi给gei人ren的de视shi觉jiao冲chong击ji力li道dao越yue大da则ze越yue显xian眼yan,就jiu彷pang佛fo声sheng音yin越yue大da越yue能neng引yin人ren注zhu意yi一yi样yang。而er字zi体ti的de显xian眼yan程cheng度du来lai自zi「满man」的de程cheng度du,「满man」是shi比bi例li的de概gai念nian:黑hei色se比bi例li越yue大da,白bai色se比bi例li越yue小xiao,看kan起qi来lai就jiu会hui有you满man的de感gan觉jiao。
例li如ru勘kan亭ting流liu就jiu是shi「满man」的de始shi祖zu。勘kan亭ting流liu源yuan自zi日ri本ben江jiang户hu时shi代dai的de歌ge舞wu伎ji町ding。黑hei色se占zhan据ju绝jue大da部bu分fen的de空kong间jian,只zhi留liu些xie关guan键jian的de白bai色se空kong间jian让rang我wo们men辨bian认ren文wen字zi的de轮lun廓kuo。我wo们men说shuo这zhe个ge字zi的de字zi面mian满man,就jiu是shi讲jiang它ta的de「黑hei色se空kong间jian」分fen布bu比bi例li较jiao「白bai色se空kong间jian」高gao出chu许xu多duo。视shi觉jiao上shang的de「满man」不bu仅jin比bi较jiao吸xi睛jing(用yong我wo的de说shuo法fa就jiu是shi音yin量liang大da),也ye取qu高gao朋peng满man座zuo、生sheng意yi兴xing隆long的de意yi象xiang。
正zheng宗zong的de勘kan亭ting流liu是shi这zhe个ge样yang子zi的de,非fei常chang华hua丽li,不bu是shi章zhang鱼yu小xiao丸wan子zi那na种zhong油you油you的de勘kan亭ting流liu。
而er这zhe个ge在zai水shui饺jiao摊tan拍pai到dao的de纯chun手shou工gong字zi体ti,「音yin量liang」就jiu没mei有you上shang面mian例li子zi这zhe么me大da。不bu尽jin然ran是shi因yin为wei线xian条tiao比bi较jiao细xi的de缘yuan故gu,也ye是shi因yin为wei白bai色se空kong间jian的de分fen布bu还huan是shi占zhan了le视shi觉jiao上shang最zui主zhu要yao的de印yin象xiang。
△ 音yin量liang小xiao、造zao型xing特te殊shu的de草cao根gen手shou工gong体ti
又you好hao比bi下xia面mian这zhe两liang个ge风feng格ge一yi样yang(都dou是shi颜yan真zhen卿qing式shi楷kai体ti),线xian条tiao粗cu细xi度du非fei常chang接jie近jin的de「国guo」字zi,右you边bian红hong底di的de「国guo」字zi音yin量liang还huan是shi比bi较jiao大da的de,原yuan因yin也ye是shi这zhe个ge方fang格ge内nei的de留liu白bai比bi例li比bi较jiao少shao的de缘yuan故gu。
粗cu细xi接jie近jin,但dan是shi音yin量liang却que不bu一yi样yang。因yin为wei音yin量liang取qu决jue于yu黑hei白bai空kong间jian的de比bi例li分fen布bu。
总zong而er言yan之zhi,字zi面mian的de「满man」相xiang关guan于yu一yi个ge文wen字zi的de冲chong击ji程cheng度du,与yu正zheng负fu空kong间jian的de比bi例li分fen配pei最zui相xiang关guan,负fu空kong间jian越yue少shao,字zi看kan来lai越yue满man,冲chong击ji力li(音yin量liang)可ke能neng越yue大da。说shuo到dao这zhe里li我wo就jiu想xiang到dao苏su东dong坡po说shuo过guo的de一yi句ju话hua,似si乎hu也ye可ke以yi用yong在zai当dang代dai字zi体ti设she计ji中zhong。
大da字zi要yao紧jin密mi而er无wu间jian,小xiao字zi要yao宽kuan绰chuo而er有you余yu。
课ke题ti三san:重chong心xin
这zhe里li我wo以yi书shu店dian里li极ji为wei常chang见jian的de字zi体ti「小xiao冢zhong黑hei体ti」为wei例li。
小xiao冢zhongゴシック(小xiao冢zhong黑hei体ti)以yi及ji小xiao冢zhong明ming朝chao随sui着zhe Adobe 系xi列lie软ruan件jian附fu赠zeng,普pu及ji率lv大da增zeng。而er且qie小xiao冢zhong家jia族zu都dou含han有you五wu种zhong不bu同tong粗cu细xi的de字zi体ti,增zeng加jia排pai版ban的de功gong能neng性xing;再zai加jia上shang造zao型xing新xin潮chao、好hao看kan,所suo以yi大da家jia都dou爱ai用yong。也ye因yin此ci我wo们men不bu难nan在zai书shu店dian中zhong看kan到dao以yi它ta为wei标biao题ti的de杂duo志zhi与yu书shu册ce大da量liang出chu现xian。
用yong感gan觉jiao来lai形xing容rong,重chong心xin就jiu是shi一yi个ge字zi乍zha看kan之zhi下xia最zui吸xi引yin眼yan睛jing,视shi线xian着zhe落luo的de地di带dai。以yi下xia我wo们men邀yao请qing到dao繁fan体ti中zhong文wen黑hei体ti俪li黑heiPRo 比bi较jiao一yi下xia两liang者zhe重chong心xin的de差cha异yi。一yi般ban来lai说shuo,跟gen人ren眼yan的de重chong心xin位wei置zhi一yi样yang,汉han字zi的de重chong心xin一yi般ban都dou会hui设she定ding在zai方fang框kuang中zhong心xin点dian偏pian上shang的de位wei置zhi。将jiang两liang个ge字zi体ti交jiao迭die比bi较jiao之zhi后hou,我wo们men可ke以yi发fa现xian小xiao冢zhong黑hei体ti的de下xia盘pan较jiao宽kuan,俪li黑hei pro 的de肩jian膀pang较jiao宽kuan。
小xiao冢zhong黑hei体ti较jiao宽kuan的de下xia盘pan,将jiang视shi觉jiao平ping均yun的de重chong量liang往wang下xia带dai;而er它ta在zai爫zhao的de部bu件jian也ye相xiang较jiao长chang。这zhe两liang项xiang因yin素su让rang这zhe个ge字zi的de重chong心xin往wang下xia带dai了le。这zhe点dian也ye可ke以yi看kan出chu,重chong心xin是shi平ping均yun的de概gai念nian。
课ke题ti四si:中zhong宫gong
「中zhong宫gong」这zhe个ge名ming称cheng来lai自zi于yu九jiu宫gong格ge。九jiu宫gong格ge中zhong间jian的de那na格ge叫jiao中zhong宫gong。不bu过guo,或huo许xu练lian习xi书shu法fa的de时shi候hou大da家jia会hui发fa现xian,中zhong宫gong是shi抽chou象xiang的de概gai念nian,没mei有you对dui齐qi明ming确que的de线xian(像xiang西xi文wen里li的de baseline)。它ta谈tan的de是shi一yi种zhong张zhang力li平ping衡heng——在zai经jing过guo中zhong宫gong四si条tiao在zai线xian笔bi画hua的de力li道dao平ping衡heng。(米mi字zi平ping衡heng)
唐tang代dai书shu法fa家jia欧ou阳yang询xun所suo写xie的de字zi,米mi字zi布bu局ju的de力li道dao往wang中zhong间jian的de那na一yi格ge紧jin收shou,所suo以yi字zi看kan起qi来lai有you一yi种zhong结jie实shi的de感gan觉jiao。
这zhe种zhong结jie实shi——放fang松song的de标biao准zhun也ye可ke以yi用yong来lai看kan计ji算suan机ji字zi。或huo许xu你ni也ye发fa现xian,同tong样yang字zi号hao的de标biao楷kai体ti看kan起qi来lai好hao像xiang比bi其qi他ta字zi体ti还huan要yao小xiao。这zhe是shi因yin为wei楷kai体ti的de中zhong宫gong会hui做zuo得de比bi较jiao紧jin收shou的de缘yuan故gu。
中zhong宫gong紧jin收shou是shi传chuan统tong的de汉han字zi美mei感gan,而er中zhong宫gong放fang大da字zi也ye就jiu看kan来lai大da。
若ruo你ni觉jiao得de楷kai体ti、明ming体ti相xiang比bi较jiao是shi不bu公gong平ping的de,我wo们men也ye可ke以yi用yong同tong样yang的de方fang式shi看kan三san种zhong不bu同tong的de明ming体ti,例li如ru下xia面mian三san种zhong明ming体ti:
同tong一yi字zi号hao的de的de字zi体ti,中zhong宫gong的de松song紧jin程cheng度du不bu仅jin影ying响xiang大da小xiao的de视shi觉jiao效xiao果guo,也ye影ying响xiang这zhe个ge字zi的de表biao情qing。
中zhong宫gong紧jin看kan起qi来lai比bi较jiao矜jin持chi些xie、严yan肃su些xie。
像xiang这zhe张zhang图tu,左zuo边bian日ri系xi圆yuan体ti中zhong宫gong松song,看kan起qi来lai大da,感gan觉jiao也ye比bi较jiao宽kuan松song;
右you边bian台tai湾wan传chuan统tong老lao招zhao牌pai圆yuan体ti相xiang对dui视shi觉jiao效xiao果guo小xiao,感gan觉jiao也ye比bi较jiao紧jin凑cou。
所suo以yi我wo们men可ke以yi归gui纳na:
字zi面mian框kuang的de形xing状zhuang
字zi面mian的de宽kuan绰chuo或huo丰feng满man
重chong心xin的de高gao低di
中zhong宫gong的de松song紧jin
这zhe些xie骨gu架jia上shang的de特te征zheng,会hui影ying响xiang一yi个ge中zhong文wen字zi体ti给gei我wo们men的de感gan觉jiao。这zhe些xie特te点dian又you可ke以yi自zi行xing对dui应ying到dao「性xing格ge」的de联lian想xiang。
更geng多duo例li子zi
这zhe个ge在zai汀ding州zhou路lu发fa现xian的de路lu牌pai上shang的de字zi,形xing状zhuang宽kuan扁bian。尤you其qi最zui右you边bian的de明ming体ti下xia身shen较jiao长chang,上shang身shen短duan,造zao成cheng重chong心xin显xian著zhu较jiao旁pang边bian字zi体ti要yao高gao的de效xiao果guo。重chong心xin高gao,一yi般ban来lai说shuo比bi较jiao严yan肃su、给gei人ren的de压ya迫po感gan较jiao大da。
汀ding州zhou路lu上shang的de水shui电dian行xing招zhao牌pai
而er如ru果guo重chong心xin极ji端duan的de高gao,或huo者zhe极ji端duan的de低di,就jiu可ke能neng创chuang造zao出chu外wai星xing人ren、科ke学xue怪guai人ren的de诡gui异yi感gan觉jiao,比bi如ru《约yue会hui不bu看kan恐kong怖bu电dian影ying不bu酷ku》这zhe本ben书shu的de标biao题ti字zi就jiu是shi很hen好hao的de例li子zi。
至zhi于yu这zhe个ge在zai大da龙long峒tong发fa现xian的de隶li书shu则ze是shi形xing状zhuang偏pian扁bian平ping,重chong心xin偏pian低di,有you大da人ren般ban舒shu缓huan、从cong容rong的de气qi质zhi。但dan它ta的de笔bi划hua又you是shi隶li书shu华hua丽li大da气qi的de波bo折zhe。骨gu架jia的de稳wen重chong加jia上shang肉rou身shen的de华hua丽li外wai型xing,给gei人ren雍yong容rong大da度du的de印yin象xiang。
△ 库ku仑lun街jie上shang的de锁suo钥yao行xing旧jiu招zhao牌pai
而er我wo们men在zai路lu上shang常chang见jian的de楷kai体ti也ye可ke以yi这zhe样yang讨tao论lun。楷kai体ti招zhao牌pai是shi台tai湾wan民min间jian街jie景jing的de代dai表biao现xian象xiang,在zai汉han字zi文wen化hua圈quan中zhong非fei常chang独du特te。但dan正zheng楷kai也ye大da致zhi可ke以yi粗cu分fen为wei颜yan体ti(颜yan真zhen卿qing)与yu欧ou体ti(欧ou阳yang询xun)两liang种zhong。
颜yan真zhen卿qing楷kai书shu,下xia盘pan比bi较jiao稳wen重chong,字zi体ti形xing状zhuang偏pian向xiang正zheng方fang形xing;欧ou阳yang询xun楷kai书shu向xiang上shang昂ang扬yang,重chong心xin高gao,字zi体ti形xing状zhuang偏pian瘦shou长chang,可ke以yi由you以yi下xia两liang个ge招zhao牌pai来lai看kan。
上shang近jin颜yan体ti,下xia近jin欧ou体ti
颜yan欧ou二er体ti堪kan称cheng唐tang人ren楷kai书shu的de代dai表biao,体ti现xian出chu传chuan统tong书shu法fa的de精jing气qi神shen。这zhe让rang我wo联lian想xiang到dao功gong夫fu,想xiang到dao功gong夫fu就jiu想xiang到dao叶ye问wen。不bu同tong的de人ren诠quan释shi的de叶ye问wen感gan觉jiao都dou很hen不bu一yi样yang。依yi照zhao以yi上shang的de归gui类lei分fen析xi,黄huang秋qiu生sheng演yan的de叶ye问wen感gan觉jiao比bi较jiao像xiang颜yan体ti,大da概gai是shi因yin为wei比bi较jiao宽kuan也ye比bi较jiao厚hou吧ba;而er梁liang朝chao伟wei在zai《一yi代dai宗zong师shi》里li的de叶ye问wen则ze像xiang欧ou体ti,比bi较jiao偏pian瘦shou,也ye比bi较jiao风feng流liu、高gao雅ya。
其qi实shi这zhe样yang分fen析xi下xia来lai,骨gu架jia特te征zheng的de差cha异yi塑su造zao了le中zhong文wen字zi体ti不bu同tong的de表biao情qing,因yin而er有you了le各ge种zhong个ge性xing。从cong此ci你ni或huo许xu可ke以yi想xiang象xiang,海hai绵mian宝bao宝bao的de皮pi老lao板ban,所suo代dai表biao的de中zhong文wen字zi体ti是shi什shen么me样yang子zi呢ne?老lao夫fu子zi里li的de两liang个ge代dai表biao人ren物wu,个ge性xing也ye相xiang当dang鲜xian明ming,转zhuan换huan成cheng中zhong文wen字zi体ti的de样yang貌mao,也ye会hui很hen有you趣qu的de。
【原文】