SQL中的DDL,DML,DCL语言

感觉自己是比较笨的，学习过SQL语言，但是却分不太清楚DDL、DML、DCL语言，所以呢，今天就厚着脸皮问了老师，现在就自己目前的了解来总结一下。

1、DDL（DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE）数据描述语言

DDL语句不会产生还原数据，所以删除的数据也是无法恢复的

CREATE - to create objects in the database

ALTER - alters the structure of the database

DROP - delete objects from the database

TRUNCATE - remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated for the records are removed

COMMENT - add comments to the data dictionary

GRANT - gives user's access privileges to database

REVOKE - withdraw access privileges given with the GRANT command

2、DML（DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE）数据操纵鱼语言

SELECT - retrieve data from the a database

INSERT - insert data into a table

UPDATE - updates existing data within a table

DELETE - deletes all records from a table, the space for the records remain

CALL - call a PL/SQL or Java subprogram

EXPLAIN PLAN - explain access path to data

LOCK TABLE - control concurrency

3、DCL（DATA CONTROL LANGUAGE）数据控制语言

COMMIT - save work done

SAVEPOINT - identify a point in a transaction to which you can later roll back

ROLLBACK - restore database to original since the last COMMIT

SET TRANSACTION - Change transaction options like what rollback segment to use

感觉是要好那么一点了，至少不那么糊涂了，毕竟自己也学了那么久，不能什么都不知道三，不能只晓得就一个create、update、drop，嘿嘿！！！