技术剖析：基于Axis的自定义对象序列化
由于最近公司采用Web Services技术做企业应用集成(EAI)相关的项目，有关技术人员反应采用Axis不能传递用户自定义对象。
错误信息大体如下：
AxisFault
faultCode: {http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/}Server.userException
faultSubcode:
faultString: java.io.IOException: No serializer found for class com.whcyit.axis.SimpleObject in registry org.apache.axis.encoding.TypeMappingDelegate@da3a1e
faultActor:
faultNode:
faultDetail:
{http://xml.apache.org/axis/}stackTrace:java.io.IOException: No serializer found for class com.whcyit.axis.SimpleObject in registry org.apache.axis.encoding.TypeMappingDelegate@da3a1e
at org.apache.axis.encoding.SerializationContext.serializeActual(SerializationContext.java:1429)
对于Web Services的接触已经是4年多前的事情了，基本上对于Web Services只是存在一个概念了。抱着疑问，决定自己试一下到底怎么回事？
最后通过2个多小时的测试，终于把问题解决了。解决方式如下：
1. 在Axis服务端，注册自定义对象的序列化/反序列化器
主要是修改axis安装目录下WEB-INF/server-config.wsdd文件。
<service name="SimpleObjectService" provider="java:RPC"
<parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/
<parameter name="className" value="com.whcyit.axis.SimpleObjectService"/
<beanMapping languageSpecificType="java:com.whcyit.axis.SimpleObject" qname="ns:SimpleObject" xmlns:ns="urn:BeanService"/</service
注意service/beanMapping的定义。languageSpecificType中定义使用那个类, qname定义类的名称。
2. 在Axis客户端，注册自定义对象的序列化/反序列化器。
核心代码如下：
//创建调用对象Service service = new Service();Call call = null;call = (Call) service.createCall();//注册SimpleObject的序列化类型QName qn = new QName("urn:BeanService","SimpleObject");call.registerTypeMapping(SimpleObject.class, qn,
new BeanSerializerFactory(SimpleObject.class, qn),
new BeanDeserializerFactory(SimpleObject.class, qn));
全部代码示例如下：
//SimpleObject.java
//Web Service对象传递的对象package com.whcyit.axis;import java.io.Serializable; public class SimpleObject implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6414428095965735488L;
private int i = 0;
private float f = 0.0f;
private String str = "";
public SimpleObject() {
}
public float getFloat() {
return f;
}
public void setFloat(float f) {
this.f = f;
}
public int getInt() {
return i;
}
public void setInt(int i) {
this.i = i;
}
public String getString() {
return str;
}
public void setString(String str) {
this.str = str;
}}
// SimpleObjectService.java
//服务程序
package com.whcyit.axis;public class SimpleObjectService {
public String sayHello(String name) {
return "Hello " + name +"!";
}
public String getString(SimpleObject obj) {
System.out.println("SimpleObjectService getString invoked!");
return "return by serviced:"+obj.getString();
}
public SimpleObject createSimpleObject(int i,float f,String str) {
System.out.println("SimpleObjectService createSimpleObject invoked!");
SimpleObject so = new SimpleObject();
so.setInt(i);
so.setFloat(f);
so.setString(str);
return so;
} }
// SimpleObjectClient.java
//客户端调用文件
package com.whcyit.axis; import javax.xml.namespace.QName; import org.apache.axis.client.Call;import org.apache.axis.client.Service;import org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanDeserializerFactory;import org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanSerializerFactory; public class SimpleObjectClient {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
String ret = "";
try {
String wsdlUrl = "http://localhost:8080/axis/services/SimpleObjectService?wsdl";
String nameSpaceUri = "http://localhost:8080/axis/services/SimpleObjectService";
//String wsdlUrl = "http://10.68.19.24:8080/sample/services/SimpleObjectService?wsdl";
//String nameSpaceUri = "http://10.68.19.24:8080/sample/services/SimpleObjectService";
//创建调用对象
Service service = new Service();
Call call = null;
call = (Call) service.createCall();
//注册SimpleObject的序列化类型
QName qn = new QName("urn:BeanService","SimpleObject");
call.registerTypeMapping(SimpleObject.class, qn,
new BeanSerializerFactory(SimpleObject.class, qn),
new BeanDeserializerFactory(SimpleObject.class, qn));
//调用sayHello
System.out.println("sayHello");
call.setOperationName(new QName(nameSpaceUri, "sayHello"));
call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new java.net.URL(wsdlUrl));
ret = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] { "liu2" });
System.out.println("return value is " + ret);
//调用getDesc
System.out.println("getString");
SimpleObject so = new SimpleObject();
so.setString("hello!");
QName getDescQn = new QName(nameSpaceUri, "getString");
call.setOperationName(getDescQn);
call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new java.net.URL(wsdlUrl));
ret = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] { so });
System.out.println("return value is " + ret);
//调用createSimpleObject
System.out.println("createSimpleObject");
QName getObjectQn = new QName(nameSpaceUri, "createSimpleObject");
call.setOperationName(getObjectQn);
call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new java.net.URL(wsdlUrl));
SimpleObject rtnSO = (SimpleObject) call.invoke(new Object[] { new Integer(1),new Float(0.1f),"liu2" });
System.out.println("return object " + rtnSO.getString());
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
} }
//server-config.wsdd
//服务端配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?<deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/" xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java" <globalConfiguration
<parameter name="adminPassword" value="admin"/
<parameter name="attachments.Directory" value="C:\eclipse\workspace\bookstore\WEB-INF\attachments"/
<parameter name="attachments.implementation" value="org.apache.axis.attachments.AttachmentsImpl"/
<parameter name="sendXsiTypes" value="true"/
<parameter name="sendMultiRefs" value="true"/
<parameter name="sendXMLDeclaration" value="true"/
<parameter name="axis.sendMinimizedElements" value="true"/
<requestFlow
<handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler"
<parameter name="scope" value="session"/
</handler
<handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler"
<parameter name="scope" value="request"/
<parameter name="extension" value=".jwr"/
</handler
</requestFlow </globalConfiguration <handler name="LocalResponder" type="java:org.apache.axis.transport.local.LocalResponder"/ <handler name="Authenticate" type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.SimpleAuthenticationHandler"/ <handler name="URLMapper" type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.http.URLMapper"/ <service name="Version" provider="java:RPC"
<parameter name="allowedMethods" value="getVersion"/
<parameter name="className" value="org.apache.axis.Version"/ </service <service name="SimpleObjectService" provider="java:RPC"
<parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/
<parameter name="className" value="com.whcyit.axis.SimpleObjectService"/
<beanMapping languageSpecificType="java:com.whcyit.axis.SimpleObject" qname="ns:SimpleObject" xmlns:ns="urn:BeanService"/ </service <service name="AdminService" provider="java:MSG"
<parameter name="allowedMethods" value="AdminService"/
<parameter name="enableRemoteAdmin" value="false"/
<parameter name="className" value="org.a