订阅“高gao考kao成cheng绩ji不bu理li想xiang是shi否fou该gai选xuan择ze留liu学xue，填tian报bao志zhi愿yuan失shi误wu与yu名ming牌pai大da学xue失shi之zhi交jiao臂bi是shi否fou要yao出chu国guo，规gui避bi高gao考kao风feng险xian留liu学xue是shi否fou是shi最zui佳jia方fang案an，改gai变bian命ming运yun和he为wei以yi后hou找zhao工gong作zuo方fang便bian是shi否fou也ye应ying靠kao搭da上shang留liu学xue的de班ban车che……”高gao考kao大da幕mu落luo下xia，而er对dui于yu很hen多duo学xue生sheng来lai说shuo，出chu国guo留liu学xue的de大da门men却que渐jian渐jian开kai启qi。而er面mian对dui陌mo生sheng的de异yi国guo他ta乡xiang、浩hao如ru烟yan海hai的de海hai外wai大da学xue、纷fen杂duo的de申shen请qing手shou续xu以yi及ji眼yan花hua缭liao乱luan的de中zhong介jie广guang告gao，由you此ci引yin发fa的de如ru何he选xuan择ze留liu学xue之zhi路lu，就jiu成cheng为wei了le太tai多duo家jia长chang和he学xue生sheng关guan注zhu的de焦jiao点dian话hua题ti。
●一yi时shi失shi误wu和he冲chong动dong选xuan择ze都dou是shi留liu学xue动dong机ji的de误wu区qu
随sui着zhe每mei年nian的de高gao考kao结jie束shu，会hui有you很hen多duo考kao生sheng迅xun速su变bian成cheng留liu学xue的de潜qian在zai对dui象xiang。其qi中zhong比bi较jiao典dian型xing的de是shi，有you的de学xue生sheng成cheng绩ji不bu理li想xiang就jiu会hui想xiang到dao选xuan择ze留liu学xue，有you的de学xue生sheng志zhi愿yuan填tian报bao有you失shi误wu与yu理li想xiang院yuan校xiao和he专zhuan业ye失shi之zhi交jiao臂bi，也ye会hui马ma上shang把ba留liu学xue提ti上shang日ri程cheng。教jiao育yu部bu留liu学xue服fu务wu中zhong心xin副fu主zhu任ren邵shao巍wei列lie举ju了le时shi下xia选xuan择ze留liu学xue者zhe的de种zhong种zhong真zhen实shi的de心xin态tai，有you一yi些xie人ren把ba留liu学xue当dang成cheng改gai变bian命ming运yun的de唯wei一yi契qi机ji、把ba留liu学xue作zuo为wei未wei来lai求qiu职zhi的de增zeng值zhi筹chou码ma、把ba留liu学xue当dang作zuo躲duo避bi高gao考kao的de捷jie径jing、还huan有you把ba留liu学xue当dang作zuo海hai外wai移yi民min和he申shen请qing绿lv卡ka的de跳tiao板ban等deng等deng。这zhe些xie典dian型xing的de心xin态tai反fan映yang出chu留liu学xue目mu标biao的de不bu确que定ding性xing，而er更geng深shen层ceng次ci则ze体ti现xian出chu潜qian在zai留liu学xue群qun体ti中zhong的de一yi些xie人ren没mei有you理li性xing思si考kao的de留liu学xue动dong机ji。从cong已yi在zai国guo外wai的de留liu学xue群qun体ti分fen析xi，的de确que是shi有you不bu少shao学xue生sheng仅jin仅jin因yin为wei一yi时shi失shi误wu，而er未wei经jing理li性xing地di思si考kao就jiu匆cong匆cong要yao踏ta上shang留liu学xue之zhi路lu了le。其qi实shi这zhe些xie学xue生sheng很hen难nan简jian单dan地di说shuo，他ta们men是shi否fou适shi合he出chu国guo留liu学xue，那na么me到dao底di该gai怎zen样yang明ming确que留liu学xue动dong机ji呢ne？
●了le解jie和he认ren识shi中zhong外wai差cha异yi是shi走zou好hao留liu学xue之zhi路lu的de起qi点dian
“整zheng日ri把ba自zi己ji关guan在zai家jia里li、不bu会hui和he人ren交jiao往wang、心xin情qing抑yi郁yu、局ju限xian于yu华hua人ren的de小xiao圈quan子zi、热re衷zhong泡pao网wang吧ba，我wo们men一yi些xie学xue生sheng出chu国guo以yi后hou，无wu法fa融rong入ru当dang地di的de社she会hui生sheng活huo；还huan有you的de学xue生sheng完wan全quan被bei同tong化hua，成cheng为wei了le‘小xiao洋yang人ren’，但dan是shi学xue成cheng回hui国guo后hou，却que又you不bu适shi应ying国guo内nei的de生sheng活huo环huan境jing。”邵shao巍wei通tong过guo留liu学xue现xian状zhuang中zhong存cun在zai的de明ming显xian问wen题ti，指zhi出chu留liu学xue生sheng走zou好hao留liu学xue之zhi路lu的de起qi点dian所suo在zai是shi了le解jie和he认ren识shi中zhong外wai差cha异yi。上shang述shu两liang类lei情qing况kuang，都dou反fan映yang了le目mu前qian留liu学xue生sheng对dui留liu学xue的de错cuo误wu认ren识shi，一yi方fang面mian根gen本ben无wu法fa认ren清qing这zhe种zhong差cha异yi，难nan以yi在zai国guo外wai生sheng存cun，学xue习xi更geng无wu从cong谈tan起qi；另ling一yi方fang面mian仅jin仅jin一yi味wei地di接jie受shou差cha异yi，而er没mei有you自zi己ji的de判pan别bie和he选xuan择ze，也ye同tong样yang不bu可ke能neng成cheng才cai。学xue生sheng和he家jia长chang应ying该gai明ming确que，留liu学xue的de目mu的de只zhi有you一yi个ge，就jiu是shi“成cheng才cai”，成cheng为wei具ju有you国guo际ji视shi野ye和he国guo际ji竞jing争zheng力li的de人ren才cai。这zhe种zhong人ren才cai的de一yi个ge显xian著zhu标biao志zhi就jiu是shi对dui中zhong西xi文wen明ming的de融rong会hui贯guan通tong和he兼jian收shou并bing蓄xu，由you此ci出chu国guo留liu学xue的de出chu发fa点dian也ye就jiu在zai于yu对dui中zhong外wai差cha异yi的de明ming确que理li解jie和he清qing楚chu的de认ren识shi。
●多duo做zuo差cha异yi比bi较jiao留liu学xue自zi我wo评ping估gu更geng重chong要yao
开kai学xue伊yi始shi，国guo外wai大da学xue给gei新xin生sheng发fa放fang讲jiang义yi，时shi常chang会hui引yin起qi不bu少shao中zhong国guo留liu学xue生sheng的de不bu解jie，甚shen至zhi有you的de学xue生sheng觉jiao得de所suo谓wei教jiao材cai只zhi有you这zhe些xie简jian单dan的de讲jiang义yi，认ren为wei这zhe是shi学xue校xiao教jiao学xue敷fu衍yan了le事shi，从cong而er怀fu疑yi起qi了le学xue校xiao的de教jiao育yu质zhi量liang和he办ban学xue能neng力li。这zhe实shi际ji上shang是shi中zhong西xi教jiao育yu方fang法fa上shang的de差cha异yi，邵shao巍wei认ren为wei，中zhong国guo的de教jiao育yu方fang式shi更geng多duo地di以yi教jiao材cai和he教jiao师shi的de灌guan输shu为wei主zhu，而er西xi方fang学xue校xiao普pu遍bian重chong视shi学xue生sheng的de自zi主zhu学xue习xi，中zhong国guo学xue生sheng只zhi有you认ren识shi和he理li解jie了le这zhe种zhong差cha异yi，才cai能neng有you效xiao地di融rong入ru国guo外wai学xue校xiao的de学xue习xi环huan境jing中zhong去qu，才cai有you可ke能neng真zhen正zheng学xue习xi到dao先xian进jin的de知zhi识shi和he技ji能neng。而er这zhe仅jin仅jin是shi学xue习xi方fang式shi上shang的de差cha异yi理li解jie，在zai其qi他ta方fang面mian，诸zhu如ru生sheng活huo习xi惯guan、文wen化hua传chuan统tong、思si想xiang认ren识shi等deng等deng方fang面mian都dou存cun在zai着zhe明ming显xian差cha异yi，这zhe就jiu要yao求qiu我wo们men的de学xue生sheng在zai出chu国guo前qian，把ba这zhe些xie差cha异yi多duo做zuo比bi较jiao，认ren识shi和he理li解jie之zhi后hou，与yu自zi身shen的de条tiao件jian和he适shi应ying程cheng度du做zuo出chu评ping估gu，通tong过guo这zhe种zhong综zong合he的de留liu学xue评ping估gu方fang式shi，再zai得de出chu是shi否fou留liu学xue的de决jue定ding、选xuan择ze留liu学xue国guo家jia、院yuan校xiao、专zhuan业ye的de决jue定ding。
●数shu据ju导dao向xiang解jie决jue留liu学xue扎zha堆dui难nan题ti
目mu前qian国guo家jia急ji需xu的de紧jin缺que人ren才cai是shi创chuang新xin型xing人ren才cai，因yin此ci国guo家jia连lian续xu五wu年nian，每mei年nian选xuan派pai5000名ming研yan究jiu生sheng出chu国guo留liu学xue，由you此ci可ke见jian高gao端duan人ren才cai的de培pei养yang成cheng为wei国guo家jia公gong派pai留liu学xue的de重chong要yao方fang面mian。从cong自zi费fei留liu学xue的de学xue习xi层ceng次ci选xuan择ze来lai看kan，根gen据ju教jiao育yu部bu留liu学xue服fu务wu中zhong心xin的de最zui新xin调tiao查cha显xian示shi，近jin两liang年nian在zai中zhong心xin办ban理li留liu学xue相xiang关guan手shou续xu的de3937名ming大da学xue应ying届jie毕bi业ye生sheng中zhong，申shen请qing读du硕shuo士shi学xue位wei的de占zhan59.3%，申shen请qing读du博bo士shi学xue位wei的de为wei40.7%，从cong已yi完wan成cheng的de回hui国guo人ren员yuan的de71688份fen认ren证zheng中zhong，70.59%为wei硕shuo士shi学xue位wei。这zhe些xie数shu据ju明ming确que表biao明ming了le，自zi费fei留liu学xue的de学xue历li层ceng次ci的de选xuan择ze与yu国guo家jia公gong派pai留liu学xue的de导dao向xiang大da致zhi相xiang同tong。
【原文】
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