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北bei京jing时shi间jian12月yue22日ri消xiao息xi，美mei国guo《探tan索suo》杂duo志zhi近jin日ri评ping选xuan出chu了le2008年nian度du十shi大da天tian文wen照zhao片pian，美mei国guo火huo星xing勘kan探tan轨gui道dao器qi拍pai摄nie的de“凤feng凰huang”号hao降jiang落luo火huo星xing照zhao片pian位wei居ju榜bang首shou。 以yi下xia就jiu是shi美mei国guo探tan索suo杂duo志zhi年nian度du十shi大da天tian文wen照zhao片pian：
第di1名ming：凤feng凰huang号hao降jiang落luo火huo星xing
凤feng凰huang号hao降jiang落luo火huo星xing
这zhe张zhang图tu片pian是shi“火huo星xing勘kan探tan轨gui道dao器qi”探tan测ce器qi随sui机ji携xie带dai的de高gao分fen辨bian率lvHiRISE照zhao相xiang机ji拍pai摄nie的de，图tu中zhong的de小xiao亮liang点dian是shi“凤feng凰huang”号hao登deng陆lu器qi，大da亮liang点dian则ze是shi它ta的de降jiang落luo伞san，此ci时shi的de“凤feng凰huang”正zheng向xiang火huo星xing表biao面mian降jiang落luo。
为wei什shen么me这zhe张zhang“凤feng凰huang”图tu片pian会hui成cheng为wei年nian度du十shi大da天tian文wen学xue图tu片pian排pai行xing榜bang之zhi首shou呢ne？首shou先xian，这zhe是shi一yi个ge能neng够gou证zheng明ming人ren类lei触chu角jiao已yi延yan伸shen到dao地di球qiu以yi外wai的de另ling一yi颗ke行xing星xing的de直zhi接jie证zheng据ju。除chu此ci之zhi外wai，这zhe是shi我wo们men向xiang火huo星xing发fa射she的de另ling一yi个ge探tan测ce器qi拍pai摄nie的de。这zhe个ge“机ji器qi使shi者zhe”此ci时shi已yi置zhi身shen火huo星xing轨gui道dao，为wei这zhe颗ke红hong色se星xing球qiu拍pai摄nie高gao清qing晰xi图tu片pian。“凤feng凰huang”降jiang落luo图tu显xian示shi了le人ren类lei不bu可ke思si议yi的de能neng力li和he远yuan见jian：地di球qiu上shang的de工gong程cheng师shi通tong知zhiHiRISE应ying该gai将jiang镜jing头tou对dui准zhun何he处chu，并bing在zai正zheng确que的de时shi间jian命ming令ling它ta拍pai下xia这zhe种zhong充chong当dang证zheng据ju的de图tu片pian。这zhe张zhang图tu片pian无wu疑yi是shi在zai告gao诉su火huo星xing“我wo们men来lai了le”。
“凤feng凰huang”号hao降jiang落luo图tu简jian单dan到dao不bu能neng再zai简jian单dan，它ta的de像xiang素su很hen少shao，图tu中zhong的de登deng陆lu器qi及ji其qi降jiang落luo伞san也ye显xian得de模mo糊hu不bu清qing，但dan它ta的de意yi义yi却que非fei常chang重chong大da。如ru果guo仔zai细xi观guan察cha，你ni能neng够gou在zai图tu片pian中zhong看kan到dao吊diao伞san索suo，它ta们men构gou成cheng了le整zheng个ge降jiang落luo伞san的de外wai形xing。对dui于yu天tian文wen学xue家jia来lai说shuo，“凤feng凰huang”降jiang落luo图tu无wu疑yi意yi义yi深shen远yuan，虽sui然ran没mei有you华hua丽li的de颜yan色se而er且qie一yi点dian也ye不bu壮zhuang观guan，但dan它ta所suo包bao含han的de深shen意yi却que是shi巨ju大da的de。在zai“凤feng凰huang”降jiang落luo并bing经jing过guo一yi个ge陨yuan坑keng时shi，照zhao相xiang机ji还huan拍pai下xia了le一yi张zhang在zai视shi觉jiao上shang非fei常chang具ju有you冲chong击ji力li的de图tu片pian。虽sui然ran它ta也ye是shi一yi张zhang意yi义yi重chong大da的de图tu片pian，但dan笔bi者zhe显xian然ran对dui“凤feng凰huang”降jiang落luo图tu更geng情qing有you独du钟zhong，原yuan因yin就jiu在zai于yu它ta的de简jian单dan直zhi接jie以yi及ji背bei后hou隐yin藏cang的de深shen意yi——人ren类lei的de足zu迹ji已yi不bu限xian于yu地di球qiu这zhe一yi颗ke行xing星xing。
从cong“海hai盗dao”号hao飞fei船chuan到dao“旅lv居ju者zhe”号hao、“机ji遇yu”号hao和he“勇yong气qi”号hao火huo星xing车che，从cong“凤feng凰huang”号hao登deng陆lu器qi到dao“火huo星xing勘kan探tan轨gui道dao器qi”、“火huo星xing全quan球qiu勘kan测ce者zhe”、“水shui手shou8号hao”、“水shui手shou9号hao”、“奥ao德de赛sai”号hao以yi及ji“火huo星xing快kuai车che”号hao探tan测ce器qi，我wo们men一yi次ci又you一yi次ci向xiang这zhe颗ke红hong色se星xing球qiu派pai出chu使shi者zhe，因yin为wei我wo们men希xi望wang去qu了le解jie、希xi望wang去qu探tan索suo。我wo们men需xu要yao更geng多duo地di了le解jie火huo星xing以yi便bian加jia深shen对dui地di球qiu本ben身shen的de了le解jie，我wo们men只zhi是shi希xi望wang知zhi道dao的de更geng多duo。这zhe是shi人ren类lei的de一yi种zhong天tian性xing，更geng是shi值zhi得de骄jiao傲ao和he自zi豪hao的de所suo在zai。正zheng是shi因yin为wei这zhe种zhong勇yong敢gan的de探tan索suo，我wo们men才cai得de以yi在zai地di球qiu上shang生sheng存cun了le数shu十shi万wan年nian。也ye正zheng是shi有you了le这zhe种zhong探tan索suo，人ren类lei才cai可ke能neng继ji续xu生sheng存cun下xia去qu。
第di2名ming：首shou次ci直zhi接jie拍pai到dao太tai阳yang系xi外wai行xing星xing
首shou次ci直zhi接jie拍pai到dao系xi外wai行xing星xing
2004年nian，天tian文wen学xue家jia保bao尔er·卡ka拉la斯si利li用yong哈ha勃bo太tai空kong望wang远yuan镜jing进jin行xing研yan究jiu，他ta将jiang哈ha勃bo对dui准zhun明ming亮liang的de南nan部bu天tian空kong的de恒heng星xing“北bei落luo师shi门men”，拍pai摄nie一yi些xie可ke见jian光guang图tu片pian，他ta发fa现xian这zhe些xie图tu片pian上shang包bao含han一yi个ge小xiao光guang点dian。他ta等deng待dai了le两liang年nian，其qi间jian拍pai摄nie了le更geng多duo图tu片pian。他ta发fa现xian这zhe个ge光guang斑ban在zai移yi动dong，而er且qie似si乎hu是shi随sui着zhe那na颗ke恒heng星xing移yi动dong。它ta随sui“北bei落luo师shi门men”进jin行xing的de整zheng体ti移yi动dong，显xian示shi它ta受shou到dao这zhe颗ke恒heng星xing的de引yin力li束shu缚fu，但dan是shi另ling外wai的de运yun动dong说shuo明ming它ta在zai沿yan自zi己ji的de轨gui道dao运yun行xing。这zhe些xie发fa现xian证zheng明ming，卡ka拉la斯si已yi经jing发fa现xian一yi颗ke新xin行xing星xing。
这zhe张zhang图tu片pian本ben身shen令ling人ren难nan以yi置zhi信xin，“北bei落luo师shi门men”是shi一yi颗ke年nian轻qing恒heng星xing，大da约yue仅jin有you2亿yi岁sui。它ta被bei一yi个ge距ju离li它ta大da约yue有you170亿yi公gong里li的de尘chen埃ai带dai环huan绕rao。这zhe个ge尘chen埃ai环huan偏pian离li中zhong心xin，拥yong有you非fei常chang明ming显xian的de边bian界jie，这zhe些xie都dou表biao明ming它ta里li面mian有you一yi颗ke行xing星xing，这zhe颗ke行xing星xing可ke能neng是shi沿yan着zhe一yi条tiao椭tuo圆yuan形xing轨gui道dao运yun行xing。这zhe颗ke行xing星xing的de质zhi量liang大da约yue是shi木mu星xing的de3倍bei，到dao达da“北bei落luo师shi门men”的de轨gui道dao大da约yue需xu要yao870年nian。它ta的de引yin力li使shi周zhou围wei的de尘chen埃ai环huan形xing成cheng椭tuo圆yuan形xing，它ta与yu“北bei落luo师shi门men”之zhi间jian的de距ju离li，使shi我wo们men能neng够gou避bi开kai这zhe颗ke恒heng星xing发fa出chu的de耀yao眼yan强qiang光guang看kan到dao它ta。我wo们men一yi直zhi希xi望wang可ke以yi看kan到dao一yi个ge不bu同tong的de世shi界jie，现xian在zai这zhe个ge梦meng想xiang终zhong于yu实shi现xian了le。
第di3名ming：火huo星xing山shan崩beng
火huo星xing山shan崩beng
这zhe张zhang照zhao片pian是shi“火huo星xing勘kan探tan轨gui道dao器qi”上shang的deHiRISE相xiang机ji拍pai到dao的de，拍pai的de是shi火huo星xing表biao面mian，分fen辨bian率lv为wei0.5米mi。这zhe是shi一yi张zhang普pu通tong的de照zhao片pian，只zhi是shi恰qia巧qiao拍pai到dao了le火huo星xing山shan崩beng尘chen雾wu缭liao绕rao的de场chang景jing。左zuo边bian的de悬xuan崖ya高gao700米mi，坡po度du为wei60度du，尘chen雾wu直zhi径jing约yue180米mi。如ru果guo悬xuan崖ya顶ding部bu先xian滑hua动dong的de话hua，落luo到dao地di面mian前qian的de自zi由you落luo体ti运yun动dong将jiang足zu有you20秒miao，泥ni土tu以yi每mei秒miao70米mi的de速su度du到dao达da地di面mian，可ke能neng在zai真zhen实shi情qing境jing中zhong，因yin为wei冲chong力li和he其qi他ta因yin素su这zhe个ge时shi间jian还huan要yao更geng长chang一yi些xie。这zhe一yi高gao清qing图tu片pian颇po为wei壮zhuang观guan。
显xian然ran，这zhe是shi令ling人ren难nan以yi置zhi信xin的de一yi次ci发fa现xian，这zhe就jiu是shi这zhe张zhang照zhao片pian在zai这zhe个ge排pai行xing榜bang中zhong被bei列lie为wei第di三san的de原yuan因yin。如ru果guoHiRISE拍pai照zhao时shi间jian早zao一yi分fen钟zhong，那na就jiu没mei什shen么me看kan头tou，如ru果guo是shi1分fen钟zhong或huo者zhe2分fen钟zhong后hou拍pai照zhao的de话hua，我wo们men能neng看kan到dao正zheng在zai驱qu散san的de云yun雾wu，画hua面mian不bu可ke能neng有you这zhe样yang的de震zhen撼han力li。这zhe意yi味wei着zhe这zhe些xie事shi情qing在zai火huo星xing上shang经jing常chang有you，我wo们men在zai那na里li呆dai的de时shi间jian越yue长chang，看kan到dao的de就jiu越yue多duo，就jiu能neng发fa现xian越yue惊jing奇qi的de事shi。
第di4名ming：漩xuan涡wo星xing系xiNGC 7331
漩xuan涡wo星xing系xiNGC 7331
这zhe张zhang照zhao片pian是shi文wen森sen·佩pei里li斯si在zai西xi班ban牙ya南nan部bu的de卡ka拉la尔er·奥ao拓tuo(Calar Alto)天tian文wen台tai使shi用yong3.5米mi的de望wang远yuan镜jing观guan察cha到dao的de。照zhao片pian中zhong的de漩xuan涡wo星xing系xiNGC 7331距ju离li我wo们men大da约yue5000光guang年nian。这zhe种zhong美mei丽li的de螺luo旋xuan图tu案an是shi由you这zhe一yi圆yuan盘pan中zhong的de引yin力li拥yong塞sai而er形xing成cheng；聚ju集ji着zhe气qi体ti和he尘chen埃ai，引yin力li形xing成cheng了le这zhe些xie那na些xie臂bi状zhuang物wu，新xin的de恒heng星xing也ye在zai形xing成cheng。在zai某mou种zhong意yi义yi上shang，这zhe些xie臂bi状zhuang物wu是shi一yi种zhong幻huan觉jiao，它ta们men里li面mian没mei有you很hen多duo恒heng星xing，它ta只zhi是shi一yi个ge聚ju集ji大da而er明ming亮liang又you短duan命ming恒heng星xing的de地di方fang，所suo以yi这zhe种zhong臂bi状zhuang物wu很hen容rong易yi被bei看kan到dao。那na些xie妖yao艳yan明ming亮liang恒heng星xing寿shou命ming很hen短duan，在zai没mei有you逃tao离li臂bi状zhuang物wu前qian就jiu死si掉diao了le。因yin此ci，在zai臂bi状zhuang物wu中zhong间jian它ta们men看kan起qi来lai较jiao暗an。但dan是shi，很hen多duo不bu太tai大da的de恒heng星xing仍reng活huo着zhe，如ru太tai阳yang。
第di5名ming：月yue球qiu越yue过guo地di球qiu
月yue球qiu越yue过guo地di球qiu
因yin为wei我wo们men在zai地di球qiu上shang，我wo们men从cong没mei见jian过guo月yue球qiu经jing过guo地di球qiu前qian面mian的de样yang子zi，但dan是shi，我wo们men的de飞fei船chuan能neng看kan到dao。2005年nian，美mei国guo宇yu航hang局ju“深shen度du撞zhuang击ji”彗hui星xing探tan测ce器qi发fa射she升sheng空kong，之zhi后hou成cheng功gong撞zhuang击ji彗hui星xing。任ren务wu结jie束shu后hou“大da冲chong撞zhuang”彗hui星xing探tan测ce器qi也ye被bei改gai做zuo它ta用yong，取qu名ming为wei“EPOXI”。美mei国guo宇yu航hang局ju意yi识shi到dao如ru果guo他ta们men转zhuan动dong该gai探tan测ce器qi的de望wang远yuan镜jing的de话hua，他ta们men就jiu可ke以yi看kan到dao一yi些xie有you趣qu画hua面mian。他ta们men这zhe样yang做zuo了le，于yu是shi，他ta们men得de到dao了le让rang我wo们men惊jing呼hu的de图tu片pian：月yue球qiu从cong地di球qiu前qian面mian穿chuan过guo。
历li史shi上shang从cong没mei有you哪na一yi代dai人ren能neng看kan到dao这zhe种zhong场chang面mian。如ru果guo你ni感gan到dao有you些xie沮ju丧sang或huo者zhe独du孤gu，或huo者zhe认ren为wei世shi上shang没mei什shen么me引yin起qi你ni注zhu意yi的de有you趣qu的de事shi，就jiu想xiang想xiang这zhe幅fu画hua面mian。之zhi前qian的de几ji千qian代dai人ren可ke能neng只zhi能neng想xiang象xiang这zhe类lei事shi，但dan是shi你ni能neng真zhen切qie地di看kan到dao。
第di6名ming：伽ga玛ma射she线xian爆bao发fa
伽ga玛ma射she线xian爆bao发fa
很hen多duo天tian文wen学xue家jia对dui伽ga玛ma射she线xian爆bao发fa(GRB)喜xi爱ai有you加jia。这zhe些xie是shi已yi知zhi宇yu宙zhou中zhong规gui模mo最zui大da的de爆bao发fa，爆bao发fa程cheng度du仅jin次ci于yu创chuang世shi大da爆bao炸zha。据ju我wo们men所suo知zhi，它ta们men以yi两liang种zhong方fang式shi发fa生sheng。一yi是shi超chao大da质zhi量liang恒heng星xing核gai心xin崩beng溃kui形xing成cheng黑hei洞dong的de时shi候hou，眨zha眼yan之zhi间jian，一yi个ge由you物wu质zhi形xing成cheng的de扁bian平ping、稠chou密mi的de圆yuan盘pan开kai始shi绕rao着zhe黑hei洞dong旋xuan转zhuan，有you一yi种zhong巨ju大da的de力li量liang聚ju集ji于yu恒heng星xing心xin脏zang地di带dai爆bao发fa释shi放fang的de两liang束shu能neng量liang和he物wu质zhi。它ta们men将jiang恒heng星xing撕si裂lie，发fa出chu的de尖jian叫jiao声sheng响xiang彻che整zheng个ge宇yu宙zhou，在zai数shu千qian光guang年nian来lai，无wu论lun碰peng到dao什shen么me东dong西xi，它ta们men都dou会hui将jiang其qi消xiao灭mie。
另ling一yi种zhong获huo取qu伽ga马ma射she线xian爆bao发fa的de方fang式shi是shi，两liang个ge绕rao相xiang同tong轨gui道dao运yun行xing的de超chao密mi度du中zhong子zi星xing出chu现xian的de时shi候hou。最zui终zhong结jie果guo同tong超chao大da质zhi量liang恒heng星xing崩beng溃kui的de结jie局ju相xiang似si：形xing成cheng黑hei洞dong，聚ju焦jiao于yu光guang束shu，死si亡wang随sui之zhi而er来lai。如ru果guo伽ga马ma射she线xian爆bao发fa形xing成cheng于yu不bu到dao距ju离li地di球qiu7000光guang年nian远yuan的de地di方fang，并bing且qie目mu标biao对dui准zhun我wo们men，这zhe可ke能neng会hui是shi一yi次ci“熄xi灯deng号hao”。如ru果guo伽ga马ma射she线xian爆bao发fa形xing成cheng于yu距ju离li地di球qiu100光guang年nian远yuan的de地di方fang，它ta几ji乎hu肯ken定ding会hui将jiang地di球qiu变bian成cheng一yi个ge大da火huo球qiu。
令ling人ren欣xin慰wei的de是shi，伽ga马ma射she线xian爆bao发fa形xing成cheng于yu距ju离li地di球qiu很hen远yuan很hen远yuan的de地di方fang。尽jin管guan如ru此ci，它ta们men的de威wei力li让rang令ling人ren难nan以yi置zhi信xin，这zhe就jiu是shi为wei何he将jiang两liang个ge伽ga马ma射she线xian爆bao发fa事shi件jian列lie为wei第di六liu名ming的de原yuan因yin。如ru上shang所suo示shi，左zuo图tu是shiGRB080319B，距ju离li地di球qiu75亿yi光guang年nian，其qi亮liang度du单dan凭ping肉rou眼yan也ye能neng看kan到dao。虽sui然ran亮liang光guang仅jin仅jin持chi续xu几ji秒miao，如ru果guo你ni在zai正zheng确que的de时shi间jian和he正zheng确que的de地di点dian仰yang望wang苍cang穹qiong，你ni可ke能neng会hui看kan到dao发fa生sheng于yu宇yu宙zhou的de大da爆bao炸zha。
右you图tu是shiGRB080913，是shi科ke学xue家jia有you史shi以yi来lai发fa现xian的de最zui遥yao远yuan的de伽ga马ma射she线xian爆bao发fa，距ju离li地di球qiu128亿yi光guang年nian。换huan句ju话hua说shuo，当dang恒heng星xing消xiao亡wang产chan生sheng这zhe种zhong爆bao发fa时shi，宇yu宙zhou的de形xing成cheng历li史shi还huan不bu到dao10亿yi年nian。当dang它ta到dao达da地di球qiu的de时shi候hou，来lai自zi这zhe次ci古gu老lao爆bao发fa的de光guang线xian已yi经jing穿chuan越yue近jin130亿yi年nian的de空kong间jian界jie限xian，甚shen至zhi是shi在zai地di球qiu诞dan生sheng之zhi前qian，是shi在zai太tai阳yang形xing成cheng之zhi前qian，甚shen至zhi是shi在zai银yin河he系xi诞dan生sheng之zhi前qian。两liang张zhang图tu片pian都dou是shi由you美mei宇yu航hang局ju“雨yu燕yan”轨gui道dao观guan测ce卫wei星xing拍pai摄nie的de。
GRB080309B是shiX射she线xian照zhao片pian，GRB080913是shi结jie合heX射she线xian和he紫zi外wai成cheng像xiang两liang种zhong技ji术shu制zhi成cheng的de照zhao片pian。在zai这zhe两liang张zhang照zhao片pian中zhong，这zhe些xie物wu体ti距ju离li我wo们men如ru此ci遥yao远yuan，我wo们men的de大da脑nao根gen本ben无wu法fa领ling会hui数shu字zi，两liang次ci持chi续xu数shu秒miao的de爆bao发fa释shi放fang的de能neng量liang完wan全quan可ke同tong太tai阳yang整zheng整zheng100亿yi年nian寿shou命ming期qi间jian释shi放fang的de能neng量liang相xiang媲bi美mei。再zai看kan一yi眼yan两liang张zhang照zhao片pian。请qing记ji住zhu，尽jin管guan围wei绕rao伽ga马ma射she线xian爆bao发fa有you许xu多duo谜mi团tuan尚shang未wei揭jie开kai，但dan我wo们men确que实shi对dui其qi工gong作zuo原yuan理li有you了le相xiang当dang多duo的de了le解jie。
第di7名ming：吞tun噬shi同tong类lei的de星xing系xi
同tong类lei相xiang残can的de星xing系xi
长chang期qi以yi来lai，我wo们men便bian知zhi道dao一yi个ge事shi实shi，星xing系xi并bing非fei是shi“挑tiao食shi者zhe”，相xiang反fan，它ta们men是shi吞tun噬shi同tong类lei的de“魔mo鬼gui”。确que实shi如ru此ci，它ta们men会hui互hu相xiang残can杀sha。如ru果guo小xiao星xing系xi距ju离li大da星xing系xi过guo近jin，大da星xing系xi的de引yin力li将jiang会hui将jiang小xiao星xing系xi撕si成cheng两liang半ban，并bing将jiang里li面mian的de物wu质zhi全quan部bu吸xi到dao自zi己ji的de腹fu中zhong。多duo数shu大da星xing系xi都dou展zhan现xian出chu这zhe种zhong证zheng据ju，我wo们men自zi己ji的de星xing系xi眼yan下xia就jiu在zai吞tun噬shi至zhi少shao一yi个ge星xing系xi，也ye许xu之zhi前qian还huan吞tun噬shi了le数shu十shi个ge。但dan与yuNGC 1132相xiang比bi，银yin河he系xi就jiu相xiang形xing见jian绌chu了le。NGC 1132是shi一yi个ge距ju地di球qiu3亿yi光guang年nian远yuan的de巨ju大da的de椭tuo圆yuan星xing系xi，在zai可ke见jian光guang下xia，它ta的de直zhi径jing比bi银yin河he系xi多duo出chu20%，质zhi量liang可ke能neng是shi银yin河he系xi的de10倍bei！
美mei宇yu航hang局ju“哈ha勃bo”太tai空kong望wang远yuan镜jing拍pai摄nie的de这zhe张zhang照zhao片pian让rang人ren觉jiao得de这zhe个ge星xing系xi浩hao瀚han无wu边bian，事shi实shi上shang，这zhe只zhi是shi冰bing山shan一yi角jiao，这zhe个ge星xing系xi的de质zhi量liang多duo数shu是shi炽chi热re的deX射she线xian喷pen射she气qi体ti和he看kan不bu见jian的de暗an物wu质zhi。在zai这zhe张zhang令ling人ren大da为wei惊jing讶ya的de照zhao片pian中zhong，仍reng存cun在zai妙miao不bu可ke言yan的de地di方fang。除chu了leNGC 1132星xing系xi本ben身shen绚xuan丽li多duo姿zi、五wu彩cai缤bin纷fen的de轮lun廓kuo外wai，照zhao片pian背bei景jing还huan有you数shu千qian个ge星xing系xi，使shi得de其qi高gao清qing晰xi原yuan图tu值zhi得de大da家jia花hua时shi间jian去qu下xia载zai和he珍zhen藏cang。
第di8名ming：“斯si皮pi策ce”望wang远yuan镜jing窥kui视shi星xing云yun心xin脏zang
“斯si皮pi策ce”望wang远yuan镜jing窥kui视shi星xing云yun心xin脏zang
星xing系xi中zhong的de大da多duo数shu恒heng星xing诞dan生sheng于yu浩hao瀚han的de气qi云yun——孕yun育yu各ge种zhong质zhi量liang恒heng星xing的de“恒heng星xing摇yao篮lan”。在zai星xing云yun的de中zhong心xin地di带dai，质zhi量liang最zui大da、温wen度du最zui高gao、亮liang度du最zui大da的de恒heng星xing以yi其qi离li子zi化hua紫zi外wai辐fu射she物wu淹yan没mei气qi体ti，引yin起qi气qi体ti发fa出chu亮liang光guang(同tong霓ni虹hong灯deng闪shan亮liang的de原yuan理li相xiang似si)。这zhe种zhong辐fu射she物wu连lian同tong亚ya原yuan子zi微wei粒li风feng暴bao吹chui向xiang恒heng星xing，在zai直zhi径jing达da到dao数shu光guang年nian的de气qi云yun中zhong间jian掏tao出chu一yi个ge大da洞dong。结jie果guo就jiu成cheng了le像xiang星xing云yunW5这zhe样yang的de美mei奂huan绝jue伦lun的de物wu体ti。我wo们men很hen容rong易yi辨bian别bie出chu哪na些xie恒heng星xing正zheng在zai工gong作zuo：看kan一yi看kan“手shou指zhi”的de指zhi向xiang。大da洞dong边bian缘yuan周zhou围wei是shi数shu光guang年nian长chang的de“手shou指zhi”，它ta是shi由you侵qin蚀shi性xing风feng暴bao引yin起qi的de物wu质zhi形xing成cheng的de，有you点dian像xiang溪xi流liu中zhong的de沙sha洲zhou。它ta们men直zhi接jie指zhi向xiang上shang游you风feng暴bao的de来lai源yuan处chu。
星xing云yunW5之zhi所suo以yi在zai年nian度du十shi大da天tian文wen图tu片pian中zhong有you一yi席xi之zhi地di，是shi因yin为wei它ta非fei常chang有you趣qu，形xing状zhuang像xiang心xin一yi样yang！气qi体ti甚shen至zhi呈cheng现xian淡dan红hong色se，原yuan因yin就jiu在zai这zhe张zhang照zhao片pian是shi用yong斯si皮pi策ce太tai空kong望wang远yuan镜jing拍pai摄nie的de，在zai照zhao片pian以yi红hong外wai线xian呈cheng现xian在zai我wo们men面mian前qian时shi，会hui给gei人ren温wen暖nuan之zhi感gan。
第di9名ming：太tai阳yang光guang辉hui下xia的de娥e眉mei月yue
太tai阳yang光guang辉hui下xia的de娥e眉mei月yue
我wo们men常chang常chang会hui看kan到dao月yue亮liang在zai夜ye空kong中zhong以yi胖pang胖pang的de新xin月yue形xing象xiang出chu现xian，因yin为wei它ta的de形xing状zhuang在zai日ri落luo后hou恰qia到dao好hao处chu，此ci时shi，人ren们men才cai可ke能neng会hui注zhu意yi到dao它ta。否fou则ze，只zhi能neng等deng到dao月yue圆yuan之zhi日ri，那na时shi它ta更geng明ming亮liang，更geng易yi看kan得de见jian。细xi细xi的de娥e眉mei月yue绝jue对dui是shi百bai年nian不bu遇yu的de美mei景jing。事shi实shi上shang，傍bang晚wan或huo是shi清qing晨chen，我wo们men一yi般ban很hen难nan发fa现xian月yue亮liang出chu现xian。月yue亮liang距ju离li太tai阳yang越yue近jin，我wo们men就jiu越yue难nan发fa现xian它ta：当dang月yue亮liang如ru树shu柳liu一yi般ban出chu现xian时shi，太tai阳yang的de光guang芒mang会hui完wan全quan将jiang其qi遮zhe蔽bi。这zhe就jiu是shi这zhe张zhang图tu如ru此ci令ling人ren不bu可ke思si议yi的de原yuan因yin：它ta是shi在zai月yue亮liang距ju太tai阳yang最zui近jin前qian10分fen钟zhong拍pai摄nie的de，此ci时shi，两liang个ge天tian体ti之zhi间jian的de角jiao度du只zhi有you5度du。照zhao片pian是shi由you堪kan称cheng天tian才cai摄nie影ying师shi的de马ma丁ding·埃ai尔er萨sa塞sai(Martin Els?sser)拍pai摄nie的de。实shi在zai难nan以yi想xiang象xiang这zhe项xiang记ji录lu会hui被bei人ren打da破po。
第di10名ming：外wai表biao似si西xi瓜gua的de水shui星xing
外wai表biao似si西xi瓜gua的de水shui星xing
水shui星xing是shi一yi颗ke很hen难nan观guan测ce的de星xing球qiu，其qi轨gui道dao距ju离li太tai阳yang如ru此ci之zhi近jin，在zai空kong中zhong它ta看kan上shang去qu似si乎hu永yong远yuan不bu会hui远yuan离li那na颗ke距ju地di球qiu最zui近jin的de恒heng星xing，也ye就jiu是shi说shuo，只zhi有you在zai水shui星xing靠kao近jin地di平ping线xian的de时shi候hou，以yi及ji太tai阳yang升sheng起qi前qian或huo太tai阳yang落luo山shan后hou，大da家jia才cai能neng看kan清qing楚chu它ta。朦meng胧long混hun沌dun的de地di球qiu大da气qi令ling这zhe张zhang照zhao片pian有you些xie扭niu曲qu，要yao去qu研yan究jiu水shui星xing，我wo们men确que实shi需xu要yao发fa射she探tan测ce器qi。“水shui手shou”10号hao在zai20世shi纪ji70年nian代dai绘hui制zhi了le部bu分fen水shui星xing地di图tu，不bu过guo由you于yu轨gui道dao力li学xue的de异yi常chang变bian化hua，只zhi能neng看kan到dao半ban个ge水shui星xing。尽jin管guan“水shui手shou”10号hao任ren务wu在zai当dang时shi算suan得de上shang是shi重chong大da突tu破po，但dan它ta发fa回hui的de照zhao片pian清qing晰xi度du并bing不bu佳jia。
后hou来lai，美mei宇yu航hang局ju发fa射she了le“信xin使shi”号hao探tan测ce器qi，这zhe颗ke新xin星xing探tan测ce器qi在zai进jin入ru水shui星xing轨gui道dao之zhi前qian，必bi须xu绕rao这zhe颗ke小xiao行xing星xing飞fei行xing三san圈quan。但dan是shi，到dao第di二er圈quan时shi，它ta就jiu已yi经jing改gai变bian了le我wo们men对dui水shui星xing的de认ren识shi。“信xin使shi”号hao发fa回hui的de水shui星xing照zhao片pian有you许xu多duo可ke供gong选xuan择ze，可ke我wo认ren为wei这zhe张zhang细xi致zhi的de全quan貌mao图tu展zhan示shi了le水shui星xing无wu数shu的de特te征zheng，或huo是shi令ling人ren难nan以yi置zhi信xin的de陨yuan石shi坑keng边bian缘yuan，或huo是shi三san个ge同tong心xin圆yuan大da坑keng的de独du特te视shi角jiao；或huo是shi这zhe些xie来lai自zi一yi次ci年nian轻qing撞zhuang击ji特te征zheng的de非fei凡fan光guang线xian，或huo是shi这zhe种zhong在zai两liang个ge大da坑keng日ri落luo的de美mei景jing，你ni从cong中zhong可ke以yi看kan到dao大da坑keng底di部bu的de山shan川chuan影ying子zi。
最zui终zhong，这zhe是shi对dui水shui星xing全quan貌mao的de一yi种zhong概gai述shu——显xian示shi遍bian布bu整zheng个ge星xing球qiu的de撞zhuang击ji坑keng的de辐fu射she，让rang我wo有you种zhong置zhi身shen世shi界jie奇qi观guan的de错cuo觉jiao。这zhe张zhang照zhao片pian是shi“信xin使shi”号hao探tan测ce器qi第di二er次ci飞fei离li水shui星xing时shi拍pai摄nie的de，当dang时shi两liang者zhe相xiang距ju大da约yue2.8万wan公gong里li。范fan围wei如ru此ci之zhi大da但dan却que如ru此ci详xiang细xi的de照zhao片pian确que实shi给gei人ren眼yan前qian一yi亮liang的de感gan觉jiao；宇yu宙zhou之zhi美mei和he科ke学xue在zai此ci完wan美mei地di结jie合he起qi来lai。【原文】【拼音】
