本文为【下一代无线局域网标准--HiperLAN/2】的汉字拼音对照版显示拼音
摘zhai要yao:文wen章zhang介jie绍shao了leHiperLAN/2这zhe一yi无wu线xian局ju域yu网wang标biao准zhun,列lie举ju了le基ji于yuHiperLAN/2的de网wang络luo的de特te点dian,具ju体ti描miao述shu了leHiperLAN/2的de协xie议yi栈zhan结jie构gou,最zui后hou给gei出chu了le基ji于yuHiperLAN/2的de无wu线xian网wang络luo的de功gong能neng。要yao害hai词ci:无wu线xian局ju域yu网wang;HiperLAN/2标biao准zhun;宽kuan带dai数shu据ju网wang;宽kuan带dai无wu线xian接jie入ru
Abstract:HiperLAN/2, a WLAN standard, is introdUCed through the description of characteristics of HiperLAN/2 networks, its PRotocol stack architecture and functions of HiperLAN/2 wireless networks.
Key Words:WLAN; HiperLAN/2 standard; Broadband data network; Broadband wireless access
目mu前qian,无wu线xian网wang络luo与yu基ji于yu不bu同tong标biao准zhun的de移yi动dong蜂feng窝wo网wang络luo(如ruGSM、AMPS等deng)相xiang似si,主zhu要yao用yong来lai支zhi持chi语yu音yin业ye务wu,尽jin管guan有you一yi些xie也ye以yi较jiao低di速su率lv支zhi持chi数shu据ju业ye务wu。能neng够gou提ti供gong满man足zuInternet接jie入ru需xu求qiu的de无wu线xian数shu据ju服fu务wu正zheng在zai开kai发fa之zhi中zhong。在zai局ju域yu网wang的de环huan境jing下xia,很hen多duo供gong给gei商shang都dou提ti供gong了le基ji于yu802.11的de无wu线xian局ju域yu网wang产chan品pin,这zhe些xie产chan品pin能neng够gou提ti供gong1 Mbit/s~11 Mbit/s的de带dai宽kuan。随sui着zhe价jia格ge的de下xia降jiang,无wu线xian局ju域yu网wang(WLAN)将jiang成cheng为wei以yi太tai网wang接jie入ru的de一yi种zhong重chong要yao手shou段duan。为wei了le满man足zu将jiang来lai网wang络luo的de需xu求qiu,一yi种zhongWLAN和he蜂feng窝wo网wang络luo结jie合he的de技ji术shu正zheng在zai研yan制zhi之zhi中zhong。本ben文wen将jiang介jie绍shao这zhe种zhong下xia一yi代dai的de无wu线xian局ju域yu网wang(WLAN)标biao准zhun--HiperLAN/2。
1 基ji于yuHiperLAN/2的de网wang络luo
移yi动dong终zhong端duan(MT)可ke以yi通tong过guoHiperLAN/2定ding义yi的de空kong中zhong接jie口kou与yu接jie入ru点dian通tong信xin。两liang个ge移yi动dong终zhong端duan(MT)之zhi间jian也ye可ke以yi直zhi接jie通tong信xin。MT的de用yong户hu可ke以yi在zaiHiperLAN/2网wang内nei自zi由you移yi动dong,并bing可ke以yi确que保baoMT的de用yong户hu得de到dao最zui好hao的de传chuan输shu性xing能neng。一yi个geMT在zai接jie入ruHiperLAN/2网wang络luo之zhi后hou,一yi次ci只zhi和he一yi个ge接jie入ru点dian(AP)通tong信xin。AP考kao虑lv了le无wu线xian网wang络luo拓tuo扑pu的de变bian化hua,确que保bao无wu线xian网wang络luo是shi自zi动dong配pei置zhi的de。
2 基ji于yuHiperLAN/2的de网wang络luo的de特te点dian
基ji于yuHiperLAN/2 网wang络luo的de一yi般ban特te点dian有you:
(1)高gao速su传chuan输shu
HiperLAN/2传chuan输shu速su率lv很hen高gao,在zai物wu理li层ceng达da54 Mbit/s,在zaiL3达da25 Mbit/s。HiperLAN/2采cai用yong了le一yi种zhong叫jiao正zheng交jiao频pin率lv数shu字zi复fu用yong(OFDM)的de模mo块kuai化hua方fang法fa来lai传chuan输shu模mo拟ni信xin号hao。OFDM 在zai分fen时shi环huan境jing下xia十shi分fen有you效xiao。HiperLAN/2在zai物wu理li层ceng之zhi上shang的de全quan新xin媒mei体ti访fang问wen控kong制zhi(MAC)协xie议yi采cai用yong了le一yi种zhong动dong态tai分fen时shi复fu用yong的de方fang法fa,它ta可ke以yi最zui有you效xiao地di利li用yong资zi源yuan。
(2)面mian向xiang连lian接jie的de机ji制zhi
在zaiHiperLAN/2 网wang络luo中zhong,数shu据ju是shi通tong过guoMT和heAP之zhi间jian建jian立li的de连lian接jie进jin行xing传chuan输shu的de。连lian接jie在zai空kong中zhong接jie口kou上shang是shi时shi分fen复fu用yong的de。HipeLAN/2的de连lian接jie有you两liang种zhong类lei型xing:点dian对dui点dian、点dian对dui多duo点dian。点dian对dui点dian是shi双shuang向xiang的de,点dian对dui多duo点dian是shi从congAP到daoMT方fang向xiang的de。
(3)支zhi持chiQoS
HiperLAN/2面mian向xiang连lian接jie的de特te点dian使shi得de它ta能neng够gou直zhi接jie支zhi持chiQoS。每mei一yi个ge连lian接jie都dou能neng分fen配pei到dao一yi定ding的deQoS,例li如ru带dai宽kuan、延yan时shi、延yan时shi抖dou动dong、误wu比bi特te率lv等deng。这zhe种zhong高gao传chuan输shu速su率lv和he支zhi持chiQoS的de特te点dian将jiang有you利li于yu多duo种zhong不bu同tong类lei型xing的de数shu据ju流liu(如ru视shi频pin、语yu音yin、数shu据ju)的de同tong时shi传chuan输shu。
(4)自zi动dong频pin率lv分fen配pei
在zaiHiperLAN/2网wang络luo中zhong,不bu需xu要yao像xiang蜂feng窝wo网wang一yi样yang进jin行xing手shou工gong的de频pin率lv编bian制zhi。HiperLAN/2的de无wu线xian接jie入ru点dian在zai它ta覆fu盖gai的de范fan围wei内nei能neng自zi动dong选xuan择ze无wu线xian信xin道dao进jin行xing数shu据ju传chuan输shu。AP监jian听ting临lin近jin的deAP和he其qi他ta无wu线xian资zi源yuan,并bing根gen据ju已yi用yong的de信xin道dao和he其qi他taAP占zhan用yong的de信xin道dao选xuan择ze恰qia当dang的de无wu线xian信xin道dao,从cong而er减jian少shao干gan扰rao。
(5)支zhi持chi安an全quan性xing
HiperLAN/2 网wang络luo支zhi持chi鉴jian权quan和he加jia密mi。AP和heMT可ke以yi相xiang互hu鉴jian权quan。鉴jian权quan需xu要yao有you一yi个ge支zhi持chi函han数shu,不bu在zaiHiperLAN/2网wang的de范fan围wei之zhi内nei进jin行xing。已yi建jian立li连lian接jie的de用yong户hu数shu据ju可ke以yi通tong过guo加jia密mi保bao护hu防fang止zhi偷tou听ting。
(6)移yi动dong性xing的de支zhi持chi
MT将jiang确que保bao从cong最zui近jin的deAP传chuan输shu和he接jie受shou数shu据ju,更geng确que切qie的de说shuoMT通tong过guo测ce量liang信xin噪zao比bi确que保bao接jie入ru无wu线xian信xin号hao最zui好hao的deAP。因yin此ci随sui着zheMT的de移yi动dong,当dangMT检jian测ce到dao有you比bi现xian在zai用yong的deAP的de无wu线xian传chuan输shu性xing能neng更geng好hao的deAP,MT将jiang请qing求qiu切qie换huan到dao新xin的deAP中zhong,所suo有you建jian立li的de连lian接jie将jiang会hui转zhuan移yi到dao新xin的deAP上shang,而erMT仍reng在zaiHiperLAN/2网wang络luo上shang,并bing能neng继ji续xu通tong信xin。在zai切qie换huan中zhong,可ke能neng会hui丢diu失shi一yi些xie包bao。假jia如ruMT移yi出chu网wang络luo覆fu盖gai范fan围wei一yi定ding时shi间jian,MT将jiang失shi去qu和heHiperLAN/2网wang络luo的de所suo有you联lian系xi,所suo有you连lian接jie将jiang被bei释shi放fang。
(7)网wang络luo和he应ying用yong独du立li
HiperLAN/2的de协xie议yi栈zhan具ju有you很hen大da的de灵ling活huo性xing,可ke以yi适shi应ying多duo种zhong固gu定ding网wang络luo类lei型xing。因yin此ciHiperLAN/2网wang络luo既ji可ke以yi作zuo为wei交jiao换huan式shi以yi太tai网wang的de无wu线xian接jie入ru子zi网wang,也ye可ke以yi作zuo为wei第di3代dai蜂feng窝wo网wang络luo的de接jie入ru网wang,并bing且qie这zhe种zhong接jie入ru对dui于yu网wang络luo层ceng以yi上shang的de用yong户hu部bu分fen来lai说shuo是shi完wan全quan透tou明ming的de。当dang前qian在zai固gu定ding网wang络luo上shang的de任ren何he应ying用yong都dou可ke以yi在zaiHiperLAN/2网wang上shang运yun行xing,而erIEEE 802.11的de一yi系xi列lie协xie议yi都dou只zhi能neng由you以yi太tai网wang作zuo为wei支zhi撑cheng,因yin此ciHiperLAN/2具ju有you高gao度du灵ling活huo性xing的de特te色se。
(8)节jie省sheng功gong率lv
HiperLAN/2网wang络luo中zhong,节jie能neng治zhi理li的de机ji制zhi基ji于yuMT发fa起qi的de节jie能neng请qing求qiu。在zai任ren何he时shi刻ke,MT都dou可ke以yi向xiangAP请qing求qiu进jin入ru低di功gong耗hao状zhuang态tai或huo休xiu眠mian期qi。针zhen对dui不bu同tong的de需xu求qiu(如ru要yao求qiu较jiao短duan等deng待dai时shi间jian或huo较jiao低di的de功gong率lv)可ke以yi采cai用yong不bu同tong的de休xiu眠mian期qi。
3 HiperLAN/2的de协xie议yi栈zhan结jie构gou
图tu1所suo示shi为weiHiperLAN/2 空kong中zhong接jie口kou的de协xie议yi参shen考kao模mo型xing。协xie议yi栈zhan被bei分fen为wei控kong制zhi平ping面mian部bu分fen和he用yong户hu平ping面mian部bu分fen。用yong户hu平ping面mian包bao括kuo在zai已yi建jian立li的de连lian接jie上shang传chuan输shu数shu据ju的de功gong能neng,控kong制zhi平ping面mian包bao括kuo建jian立li连lian接jie、释shi放fang连lian接jie、治zhi理li连lian接jie这zhe3个ge功gong能neng。HiperLAN/2 有you3个ge基ji本ben层ceng:物wu理li层ceng、数shu据ju链lian路lu层ceng、汇hui聚ju层ceng。
图tu1 HiperLAN/2协xie议yi参shen考kao模mo型xing
3.1 物wu理li层ceng
HiperLAN/2物wu理li层ceng采cai用yong了leOFDM技ji术shu,以yi此ci来lai有you效xiao地di对dui抗kang时shi间jian弥mi散san信xin道dao中zhong较jiao强qiang的de多duo径jing干gan扰rao。它ta采cai用yong52路lu子zi载zai波bo,其qi中zhong48路lu传chuan输shu实shi际ji的de用yong户hu数shu据ju,另ling外wai4路lu传chuan输shu引yin导dao序xu列lie,用yong于yu相xiang关guan接jie收shou时shi的de相xiang位wei跟gen踪zong。信xin道dao间jian隔ge为wei20 MHz,保bao护hu间jian隔ge为wei800 ns,这zhe足zu以yi对dui抗kang250 ns的de时shi延yan扩kuo展zhan,对dui于yu大da部bu分fen应ying用yong环huan境jing来lai讲jiang已yi经jing足zu够gou。对dui于yu一yi些xie小xiao的de室shi内nei应ying用yong环huan境jing,可ke采cai用yong较jiao短duan的de保bao护hu间jian隔ge,如ru400 ns,来lai获huo得de更geng高gao的de传chuan输shu效xiao率lv。
HiperLAN/2物wu理li层ceng的de另ling一yi个ge特te点dian是shi有you若ruo干gan种zhong调tiao制zhi和he编bian码ma方fang式shi供gong选xuan择ze。这zhe样yang根gen据ju不bu同tong的de应ying用yong环huan境jing限xian制zhi和he性xing能neng需xu求qiu,可ke以yi采cai用yong不bu同tong的de方fang式shi。
OFDM单dan个ge子zi载zai波bo的de调tiao制zhi方fang式shi可ke以yi采cai用yongBPSK、QPSK、16QAM以yi及ji64QAM。前qian向xiang纠jiu错cuo一yi般ban采cai用yong1/2码ma率lv、约yue束shu长chang度du为wei7的de卷juan积ji编bian码ma,采cai用yong截jie短duan技ji术shu后hou,可ke以yi使shi码ma率lv提ti高gao到dao9/16或huo3/4。
3.2 数shu据ju链lian路lu控kong制zhi层ceng
数shu据ju链lian路lu控kong制zhi层ceng由you一yi个geAP和he多duo个geMT之zhi间jian的de数shu据ju链lian路lu组zu成cheng。逻luo辑ji链lian路lu控kong制zhi的de功gong能neng包bao括kuo媒mei体ti接jie入ru、数shu据ju传chuan输shu和he连lian接jie控kong制zhi。数shu据ju链lian路lu层ceng包bao括kuo以yi下xia协xie议yi:
媒mei体ti接jie入ru控kong制zhi协xie议yi
错cuo误wu控kong制zhi协xie议yi
信xin令ling实shi体ti数shu据ju链lian路lu连lian接jie控kong制zhi的de无wu线xian链lian路lu控kong制zhi (RLC) 协xie议yi,联lian合he控kong制zhi函han数shu(ACF)的de无wu线xian资zi源yuan控kong制zhi(RRC)协xie议yi
3.2.1 媒mei体ti接jie入ru控kong制zhi子zi层ceng
HiperLAN/2的deMAC子zi层ceng采cai用yongAP集ji中zhong治zhi理li的de方fang式shi,由youAP负fu责ze控kong制zhiMT在zai一yi个geMAC帧zhen中zhong所suo占zhan据ju的de时shi隙xi,并bing通tong知zhi相xiang应ying的deMT。空kong中zhong接jie口kou基ji于yu时shi分fen双shuang工gong(TDD)和he动dong态tai时shi分fen复fu用yong(TDMA)。MAC帧zhen是shi物wu理li层ceng和he数shu据ju链lian路lu控kong制zhi(DLC)层ceng之zhi间jian的de接jie口kou。在zai一yi个geMAC帧zhen内nei,上shang行xing和he下xia行xing链lian路lu的de通tong信xin可ke以yi同tong步bu进jin行xing,而er且qie上shang下xia行xing链lian路lu的de时shi隙xi可ke以yi根gen据ju需xu要yao动dong态tai分fen配pei。基ji本ben的deMAC帧zhen为wei固gu定ding长chang度du2 ms,其qi中zhong包bao含han了le广guang播bo控kong制zhi、帧zhen控kong制zhi、接jie入ru控kong制zhi、上shang下xia行xing链lian路lu数shu据ju和he随sui机ji接jie入ru等deng多duo个ge信xin道dao。除chu了le随sui机ji接jie入ru信xin道dao时shi隙xi答da应ying竞jing争zheng占zhan用yong以yi外wai,所suo有you数shu据ju都dou要yao通tong过guo专zhuan用yong的de时shi隙xi在zaiAP和heMT之zhi间jian传chuan输shu。除chu了le广guang播bo控kong制zhi信xin道dao固gu定ding以yi外wai,其qi他ta域yu都dou根gen据ju当dang前qian的de业ye务wu量liang情qing况kuang动dong态tai调tiao整zheng。
3.2.2 差cha错cuo控kong制zhi协xie议yi
差cha错cuo控kong制zhi(EC)主zhu要yao基ji于yu自zi动dong请qing求qiu重chong发fa(ARQ)策ce略lue。前qian向xiang纠jiu错cuo作zuo为weiEC的de补bu充chong。ARQ策ce略lue基ji于yu选xuan择ze重chong传chuan机ji制zhi。这zhe需xu要yao在zai收shou端duan和he发fa端duan有you一yi个ge传chuan送song窗chuang。因yin此ci接jie受shou端duan必bi须xu通tong知zhi发fa端duan所suo有you收shou到dao消xiao息xi的de序xu列lie号hao以yi及ji哪na些xie消xiao息xi不bu正zheng确que。而er且qie,发fa端duan可ke能neng因yin为wei一yi些xie消xiao息xi超chao过guo了le最zui大da时shi间jian长chang度du而er要yao抛pao弃qi这zhe些xie消xiao息xi。
3.2.3 信xin令ling和he控kong制zhi
无wu线xian链lian路lu控kong制zhi协xie议yi为wei信xin令ling实shi体ti:联lian合he控kong制zhi函han数shu(ACF) 、无wu线xian资zi源yuan控kong制zhi(RRC)函han数shu和he数shu据ju链lian路lu连lian接jie控kong制zhi(DCC)提ti供gong传chuan输shu服fu务wu。这zhe4个ge实shi体ti构gou成cheng了leAP和heMT之zhi间jianDLC信xin令ling交jiao换huan的de控kong制zhi平ping面mian。
3.3 汇hui聚ju层ceng
汇hui聚ju层ceng(CL)有you两liang个ge主zhu要yao功gong能neng:将jiang高gao层ceng的de服fu务wu请qing求qiu适shi应ying于yuDLC提ti供gong的de服fu务wu,将jiang高gao层ceng的de包bao变bian成chengDLC中zhong用yong的de定ding长chang。CL的de结jie构gou使shi得deHiperLAN/2适shi合he于yu无wu线xian信xin道dao并bing能neng承cheng载zai许xu多duo固gu定ding网wang络luo,如ru以yi太tai网wang、IP、ATM、UMTS。HiperLAN/2定ding义yi了le两liang种zhong不bu同tong的deCL层ceng:基ji于yuATM信xin元yuan和he基ji于yu包bao的deCL。前qian者zhe用yong于yu与yuATM网wang相xiang连lian,后hou者zhe可ke以yi用yong于yu许xu多duo基ji于yu分fen组zu的de网wang络luo结jie构gou上shang。
基ji于yu分fen组zu的deCL具ju有you一yi个ge通tong用yong和he一yi个ge特te定ding服fu务wu部bu分fen,它ta能neng用yong于yu不bu同tong的de网wang络luo中zhong。HiperLAN/2定ding义yi了le一yi个ge公gong共gong部bu分fen并bing为wei以yi太tai网wang定ding义yi了le一yi个ge特te定ding服fu务wu功gong能neng。
4 无wu线xian网wang络luo功gong能neng
HiperLAN/2标biao准zhun定ding义yi了le大da量liang支zhi持chi无wu线xian网wang络luo的de功gong能neng与yu信xin令ling:动dong态tai频pin率lv选xuan择ze、链lian路lu自zi适shi应ying、无wu线xian蜂feng窝wo切qie换huan、多duo束shu天tian线xian和he功gong率lv控kong制zhi。
(1)动dong态tai频pin率lv选xuan择ze
HiperLAN/2无wu线xian网wang将jiang给gei每mei个geAP自zi动dong分fen配pei通tong信xin频pin率lv。这zhe是shi由you动dong态tai频pin率lv选xuan择ze功gong能neng(DFS)实shi现xian的de,它ta答da应ying几ji个ge操cao作zuo者zhe共gong享xiang可ke用yong频pin段duan,同tong时shi避bi免mian发fa生sheng频pin段duan干gan扰rao。每mei个geAP都dou是shi基ji于yuAP以yi及ji和he它ta相xiang关guan的deMT的de滤lv波bo相xiang干gan测ce量liang进jin行xing频pin率lv选xuan择ze的de。
(2)链lian路lu自zi适shi应ying
链lian路lu自zi适shi应ying策ce略lue是shi为wei了le解jie决jue变bian化hua的de无wu线xian信xin道dao质zhi量liang问wen题ti。信xin号hao干gan扰rao比bi随sui着zhe系xi统tong配pei置zhi的de地di点dian以yi及ji四si周zhou无wu线xian蜂feng窝wo流liu量liang的de不bu同tong而er不bu同tong。链lian路lu自zi适shi应ying策ce略lue使shi物wu理li层ceng的de鲁lu棒bang性xing能neng随sui链lian路lu质zhi量liang测ce量liang的de结jie果guo而er自zi适shi应ying变bian化hua。因yin此ci,在zai每mei个geMAC祯zhen中zhong,物wu理li层ceng的de模mo式shi是shi动dong态tai选xuan择ze的de。
(3)天tian线xian
HiperLAN/2中zhong支zhi持chi使shi用yong多duo束shu天tian线xian以yi改gai进jin链lian路lu的de预yu算suan,增zeng加jia载zai波bo干gan扰rao比bi(C/I)。MAC协xie议yi和heHiperLAN/2帧zhen结jie构gou答da应ying最zui多duo使shi用yong7束shu天tian线xian。
(4)切qie换huan
切qie换huan是shi由youMT发fa起qi的de。例li如ru一yi个geMT对dui四si周zhou的deAP进jin行xing必bi要yao的de测ce量liang并bing选xuan择ze恰qia当dang的deAP进jin行xing通tong信xin。切qie换huan策ce略lue在zai标biao准zhun中zhong没mei有you定ding义yi,运yun营ying商shang可ke以yi自zi行xing决jue定ding如ru何he选xuan择ze,如ru选xuan择ze基ji于yu信xin号hao强qiang度du的de切qie换huan。
(5)功gong率lv控kong制zhi
MT和heAP都dou有you发fa射she器qi的de功gong率lv控kong制zhi。MT的de功gong率lv控kong制zhi主zhu要yao用yong来lai简jian化huaAP接jie收shou机ji的de设she计ji;AP功gong率lv控kong制zhi则ze是shi部bu分fen出chu于yu调tiao整zheng的de原yuan因yin,如ru减jian少shao卫wei星xing系xi统tong的de干gan扰rao。
5 结jie束shu语yu
HiperLAN/2提ti供gong了le高gao达da54 Mbit/s的de与yu局ju域yu网wang和he3G蜂feng窝wo网wang的de连lian接jie速su率lv,还huan为wei将jiang来lai的de多duo媒mei体ti应ying用yong提ti供gong了le移yi动dong性xing和he服fu务wu质zhi量liang的de支zhi持chi。我wo们men认ren为weiHiperLAN/2、蓝lan牙ya技ji术shu、无wu线xian局ju域yu网wang及ji第di3代dai蜂feng窝wo系xi统tong为wei未wei来lai移yi动dong计ji算suan设she备bei提ti供gong一yi个ge完wan整zheng的de通tong信xin环huan境jing。
参shen考kao文wen献xian
1 Martin Johnsson. HiperLAN/2-The Broadband RadioTransmission Technology Operating in the 5 GHz Frequency Band. HiperLAN/2 Global Forum, 1999
2 ETSI. Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN) HiperLAN Type 2 System Overview V1.1.1, 2000
3 ETSI. Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN) HiperLAN Type 2 Packet Based Convergence Layer V1.1.1, 2000
4 ETSI. Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN) HiperLAN Type 2 Physical (PHY) Layer V1.1.1, 2000
5 ETSI. Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN) HiperLAN Type 2 Data Link Control (DLC) Layer; V1.1.1, 2000
6 Khun-Jush J, Schramm P, Wachsmann U, et al. Structure and Performance of the HiperLAN/2 Physical Layer. VTC ´99 Fall, 1999
7 Torsner J, Malmgren G. Radio Network Solutions for HIPERLAN/2. Proc of VTC ´99 Spring, 1999
8 Habetha J, Mangold S, Wiegert J. 802.11a Versus HiperLAN/2-A Comparison of Decentralized and Centralized MAC Protocols for Multihop Ad Hoc Radio Networks. In: Proceedings of the 5th World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics (SCI). Orlando, USA, 2001
作zuo者zhe简jian介jie:李li明ming,毕bi业ye于yu华hua中zhong科ke技ji大da学xue电dian子zi与yu信xin息xi工gong程cheng系xi,硕shuo士shi。
黄huang载zai禄lu,华hua中zhong科ke技ji大da学xue电dian子zi与yu信xin息xi工gong程cheng系xi教jiao授shou,博bo士shi生sheng导dao师shi。中zhong国guo通tong信xin学xue会hui理li事shi。【原文】